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Fractures Flashcards

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1
Q

ankle joint fracture that involves the medial and lateral malleoli as well as the posterior lip of the distal tibia

A

trimalleolar fx

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1
Q

+ 8-10 kV, + mAs 100%

A

lg plaster

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2
Q

the distal phalanx that is caused by a ball striking the end of an extended finger. The distal interphalangeal (or DIP) joint is partially flexed and usually accompanied by an avulsion fracture at the posterior base of the distal phalanx

A

baseball fx

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4
Q

(body of vertebra) decreased vertical dimension of ant. vertebral body

A

compression fx

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4
Q

transverse, obl., & spiral fx

A

3 major types of complete fx’s

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5
Q

obl. fx

A

fx thru bone at obl angle

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6
Q

segmental, butterfly, splintered fx

A

3 types of comminuted fx’s

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7
Q

twisting of a joint, a lot of swelling

A

sprain

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8
Q

Monteggia’s fx

A

(ulna) prox. 1/2 of ulna fxed w dislocated radial head

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8
Q

dist. radius fxed w dist. fragment displaced post.’ly

A

colles fx

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10
Q

fracture of the vertebrae that is caused by a compression-type injury. The vertebral body collapses; seen radiographically by a decreased vertical dimension of the anterior vertebral body

A

compression fx

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10
Q

very common long bone fracture in pediatric cases. Commonly diagnosed with the Salter-harris classification: Salter 1 to 5, with Salter 5 indicating the most complex as far as severity and reasonable indication of prognosis

A

epiphyseal fx

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10
Q

bone displaced from joint

A

dislocation/luxation

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11
Q

fx on 1 side only (ulna)

A

Greenstick/Hickory/Willow stick fx

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12
Q

skull fracture where a fragment is depressed

A

depressed fx

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13
Q

aka march fracture and nontraumatic in origin. It results from repeated stress on a bone, i.e. marching/running. Fractures from marching usually occur in the midshafts of metatarsals, and those from running usually occur in the distal shaft of the tibia

A

stress/fatigue fx

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13
Q

Torus/buckle fx

A

1 side of bone buckles upon itself w/o disrupting other side; usually bc kids have softer bones; no complete break in cortex

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14
Q

colles fx

A

dist. radius fxed w dist. fragment displaced post.’ly

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15
Q

open reduction w internal fixation

A

ORIF

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16
Q

(dist. phalynx) comminuted fx; from crushing blow to finger

A

tuft fx

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16
Q

blowout/tripod fx

A

fractures that result from a direct blow to the orbit and/ or maxilla and zygoma. Patient is left with fractures to the orbital floor and lateral orbital margins

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17
Q

impacted fx

A

1 fragment firmly driven into the other

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18
Q

1 fragment firmly driven into the other

A

impacted fx

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19
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction w internal fixation

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20
smith's (reverse colles) fx
dist. radius fragment displaced ant.'ly
21
subluxation
partial dislocation; post. displacement (usually C-spine)
22
3 types of comminuted fx's
segmental, butterfly, splintered fx
23
fx thru bone at obl angle
obl. fx
25
compound (open) fx
goes thru skin
26
splintered fx
bone splintered into sharp thin fragments
27
dislocation/luxation
bone displaced from joint
27
trimalleolar fx
ankle joint fracture that involves the medial and lateral malleoli as well as the posterior lip of the distal tibia
27
bone twisted apart & spirals around the long axis
spiral fx
28
torus/buckle fx & Greenstick/hickory/willow stick fx
2 common types of incomplete (partial) fx
29
fracture that typically involves the distal fifth metacarpal. The lateral view usually shows an apical posterior angulation
boxer's fx
30
hutchinson's fx
intra-articular fracture of the radial styloid process
30
stellate fx
radiates from center to form star-like pattern; knee's in dashboard during MVA
31
(ulna) prox. 1/2 of ulna fxed w dislocated radial head
Monteggia's fx
32
+3-4 kV, + mAs 25%
fiberglass
33
comminuted fx
bone splintered/crushed @ impact site, 2+ fragments, (shatters on impact)
34
intra-articular fracture of the radial styloid process
hutchinson's fx
35
simple (closed) fx
does not go thru skin
36
radiates from center to form star-like pattern; knee's in dashboard during MVA
stellate fx
38
2 common types of incomplete (partial) fx
torus/buckle fx & Greenstick/hickory/willow stick fx
39
2 fragments on ea side of a main, wedge-shaped separate fragment
butterfly fx
40
Greenstick/Hickory/Willow stick fx
fx on 1 side only (ulna)
40
complete fx
complete break, broken into 2 pieces
40
complete dist. tib.-fib. fx w major injury to ankle joint & frequent fx of dist. tib. or med. malleolus
pott's fx
40
bone splintered into sharp thin fragments
splintered fx
42
intra-articular fracture of the posterior lip of the distal radius
barton's fx
43
+ 5-7 kV, + mAs 50%
sm plaster
44
Incomplete (partial) fx
fx does not traverse thru entire bone (bone not broke into 2 pieces); most common in children
45
fx does not traverse thru entire bone (bone not broke into 2 pieces); most common in children
Incomplete (partial) fx
46
baseball fx
the distal phalanx that is caused by a ball striking the end of an extended finger. The distal interphalangeal (or DIP) joint is partially flexed and usually accompanied by an avulsion fracture at the posterior base of the distal phalanx
48
chip fx
fracture that involves an isolated bone fragment, that is not caused by tendon or ligament stress
49
bennett's fx
longitudinal fracture that occurs at the base of the first metacarpal, with the fracture line entering the CMC joint. Often includes a posterior dislocation or subluxation
50
boxer's fx
fracture that typically involves the distal fifth metacarpal. The lateral view usually shows an apical posterior angulation
50
near right angle to long axis of the bone
transverse fx
52
longitudinal fracture that occurs at the base of the first metacarpal, with the fracture line entering the CMC joint. Often includes a posterior dislocation or subluxation
bennett's fx
53
fracture that occurs through the pedicles of the axis (C2), with or without displacement of C2 or C3
hangman's fx
54
surgical; exposed fx site w screws/plates/rods installed to maintain alignment of bony fragments
open reduction
56
double fx where 2 fx lines isolate a distinct bone segment; broken into 3 pieces, w middle fragment fxed @ both ends
segmented fx
57
stress/fatigue fx
aka march fracture and nontraumatic in origin. It results from repeated stress on a bone, i.e. marching/running. Fractures from marching usually occur in the midshafts of metatarsals, and those from running usually occur in the distal shaft of the tibia
59
hangman's fx
fracture that occurs through the pedicles of the axis (C2), with or without displacement of C2 or C3
60
depressed fx
skull fracture where a fragment is depressed
62
compression fx
fracture of the vertebrae that is caused by a compression-type injury. The vertebral body collapses; seen radiographically by a decreased vertical dimension of the anterior vertebral body
63
tuft fx
(dist. phalynx) comminuted fx; from crushing blow to finger
65
lg plaster
+ 8-10 kV, + mAs 100%
66
3 major types of complete fx's
transverse, obl., & spiral fx
67
closed reduction
nonsurgical; fx fragments realigned by maniuplation & are immobilized by cast/splint, f/u's
68
fracture in the region of a joint that results from extreme stress to a tendon or ligament, where the tendon or ligament separates the fragment of bone and pulls it away
avulsion fx
69
pathologic fx
fractures due to disease processes within the bone (i.e. osteoporosis, neoplasia, etc)
70
fiberglass
+3-4 kV, + mAs 25%
71
partial dislocation; post. displacement (usually C-spine)
subluxation
72
open reduction
surgical; exposed fx site w screws/plates/rods installed to maintain alignment of bony fragments
74
fractures that result from a direct blow to the orbit and/ or maxilla and zygoma. Patient is left with fractures to the orbital floor and lateral orbital margins
blowout/tripod fx
75
fractures due to disease processes within the bone (i.e. osteoporosis, neoplasia, etc)
pathologic fx
76
epiphyseal fx
very common long bone fracture in pediatric cases. Commonly diagnosed with the Salter-harris classification: Salter 1 to 5, with Salter 5 indicating the most complex as far as severity and reasonable indication of prognosis
77
sprain
twisting of a joint, a lot of swelling
79
sm plaster
+ 5-7 kV, + mAs 50%
80
barton's fx
intra-articular fracture of the posterior lip of the distal radius
81
compression fx
(body of vertebra) decreased vertical dimension of ant. vertebral body
83
bone splintered/crushed @ impact site, 2+ fragments, (shatters on impact)
comminuted fx
84
complete break, broken into 2 pieces
complete fx
85
butterfly fx
2 fragments on ea side of a main, wedge-shaped separate fragment
86
segmented fx
double fx where 2 fx lines isolate a distinct bone segment; broken into 3 pieces, w middle fragment fxed @ both ends
87
dist. radius fragment displaced ant.'ly
smith's (reverse colles) fx
88
pott's fx
complete dist. tib.-fib. fx w major injury to ankle joint & frequent fx of dist. tib. or med. malleolus
89
transverse fx
near right angle to long axis of the bone
90
1 side of bone buckles upon itself w/o disrupting other side; usually bc kids have softer bones; no complete break in cortex
Torus/buckle fx
91
does not go thru skin
simple (closed) fx
92
avulsion fx
fracture in the region of a joint that results from extreme stress to a tendon or ligament, where the tendon or ligament separates the fragment of bone and pulls it away
93
fracture that involves an isolated bone fragment, that is not caused by tendon or ligament stress
chip fx
94
goes thru skin
compound (open) fx
95
spiral fx
bone twisted apart & spirals around the long axis
96
nonsurgical; fx fragments realigned by maniuplation & are immobilized by cast/splint, f/u's
closed reduction

Pos 3 (6 decks)

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