France - Loire Flashcards
(148 cards)
1
Q
Which three Pays Nantais appellations gained AOP status in 2011?
A
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais, Coteaux d’Ancenis, and Fiefs Vendéens
2
Q
When did Pays Nantais become primarily a white wine region?
A
After the disastrous 1709 frost
3
Q
What 4 appellations exist for Melon de Bourgogne in the Pay Nantais?
A
Muscadet AOP, Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP, Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP, and Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP
4
Q
Which appellation is responsible for most Muscadet production?
A
Muscadet Sevre-et-Main AOP (80%)
5
Q
What are the three subzones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Main AOP?
A
(N to S) Le Pallet, Gorges, Clisson
6
Q
What is the geographic requirement for labeling Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine as “sur lie”
A
The wine must come from one of the 3 designated subzones
7
Q
Does Le Pallet or Clisson have the longer lees aging requirement?
A
Clisson (and Gorges) - must be kept on lees until November 1 of the SECOND year following harvest - 24 months. Le Pallet requires lees aging until April 1, 17 months.
8
Q
May Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine “sur lie” or subzone designate wines be filtered before bottling?
A
No, they must be bottled directly off the fine lees
9
Q
What are the mail soils of each Sevre-et-Maine sub zone?
A
Clisson - Granite; Gorges - Clay and gabbro; Le Pallet: Gneiss, quartz, and gabbro
10
Q
Can a wine be labelled as Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine Gorges “Sur lie?”
A
No, you can not have the words “sur lie” AND a geographic designation
11
Q
Name a producer of each Sevre-et-Maine subzone
A
Domaine Michel Brégeon - Clisson. Domaine de la Pépière - Gorges. Vigneron du Pallet - Le Pallet
12
Q
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine min. alcohol, and with geographic designation
A
10%/11%
13
Q
What is the basic, large appellation for Melon de Bourgogne wines in the Pays Nantais?
A
Muscadet AOP
14
Q
A wine labeled Sevre-et-Maine “sur lie” has spent how long aging on its lees?
A
6-14 months (March 1-Nov 30 of the FIRST year after harvest)
15
Q
What is the min. alcohol under Muscadet AOP?
A
9.5 - sur lie is 10%
16
Q
Muscadet AOP wine styles and grapes
A
Blanc: 100% Melon de Bourgogne
Blanc Nouveau/Primeur
Blanc “Sur Lie”
17
Q
Which elevated Muscadet appellation is nearest the Atlantic?
A
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP
18
Q
What geographic feature is at the center of Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP?
A
Lac de Grand lieu
19
Q
Name a producer of Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP
A
Haut Bourg
20
Q
Do Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP, Sevre-et-Maine, Muscadet AOP, and Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP all share the same “sur lie” again requirements?
A
Yes! Kept on lees until between March 1 and Nov 30.
21
Q
Why can’t the sub zone designated wines of Serve-et-Maine use the words “sur lie?”
A
Because their minimum lees aging is much longer (at least one year)
22
Q
Furthest inland Muscadet appellation?
A
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP
23
Q
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP is just South of what city?
A
Nantes
24
Q
Coteaux d’Ancenis AOP allows what grapes and styles of wine?
A
Blanc: 100% Pinot Gris
Rosé: 100% Gamay
Rouge: 100% Gamay
Varietally-Labeled “Malvoisie”: 100% Pinot Gris
25
Pay Nantais historic name for Pinot Gris (esp. in Coteaux d'Ancenis AOP)
Malvoisie
26
Some recent great vintages for Muscadet
2012, 2014
27
Some recent quality vintages for Muscadet
2015, 2016, 2017 - some frost in '16 and '17, so lower yields, but high quality
28
Name a "Sevre et maine 'sur lie'" bottling
La Louvetrie- Jo Landron
29
Name a high quality Sevre-et Maine producer that offers cuvees based on soil types (granite, etc)
Domaine l'Ecu
30
Fiefs Vendéens AOP wine styles and grapes
Blanc: Min. 60% Chenin Blanc, then Chardonnay, Grolleau Gris, Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: Min 80% Gamay and Pinot Noir
Rouge: Cabernet Franc, Négrette, Pinot Noir - all must be present, plus Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay
31
Assemblage for Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP
Min. 70% Folle Blanche (Gros Plant), Montils and a max. 10% Colombard
32
Name a Gros Plant du Pays Nantais producer
Domaine de la Fruitière
33
What are the "sur lie" requirements for Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP?
Same as in Muscadet - wines remain on lees until March 1 (or until Nov 30) the year after harvest. Bottled without filtration
34
Other than in the Pays Nantais, where might Folle Blanche be found?
Cognac and Armagnac
35
Soils of Savennières Roche Aux Moines AOP
Steep slopes of blue schist w/volcanic debris
36
What grape is found in Savennières Roche Aux Moines AOP?
Chenin Blanc 100%
37
Who bottles a Savennières Roche Aux Moines AOP
Joly (Clos de la Bergerie), Domaine Aux Moines
38
Which is larger, Savennières Coulée de Serrant AOP or Savennières Roche Aux Moines?
Roche Aux Moines - 33 ha, Coulée de Serrant is only 7 ha
39
Who makes Coulée de Serrant AOP?
Joly - monopole
40
What are the three sections of Coulée de Serrant?
Grand Clos de la Coulée, the Clos du Château, and Les Plantes
41
Anjou-Villages AOP allows what grapes and style of wine?
Rouge only, from Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon
42
What is another name for Chenin Blanc in Anjou?
Pineau de la Loire
43
What town is the "center of Loire sparkling wine production?"
Saumur
44
Savennières allows only what grape?
Chenin Blanc
45
Basic Anjou AOP allows what wines and grapes?
blanc, based on Chenin (with max. 20% Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc); rouge, based on Cabernets Franc and Sauvignon (max. 30% combined Pineau d'Aunis and Grolleau), and traditional method white and rosé sparkling wine
46
Is rosé allowed under Anjou AOP?
no. there is a separate designation - Rosé d'Anjou AOP
47
What grapes are allowed in Rosé d'Anjou AOP?
Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d'Aunis
48
Name five sweet wine appellations of Anjou
Coteaux du Layon, Bonnezeaux, Coteaux de l'Aubance, Quarts du Chaume, Coteaux de Saumur
49
Cabernet de Saumur AOP allows what type of wine?
Rosé, from Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon
50
What are three rosé only AOPs of Anjou-Saumur?
Cabernet de Saumur, Cabernet d'Anjou, and Rosé d'Anjou
51
Which Anjou sweet wine appellation has the highest residual sugar requirement?
Quarts du Chaume - 85 g/l
52
Do any of the Anjou sweet wine appellations allow any other grape than Chenin?
no - all are 100% Chenin
53
Which Anjou sweet wine appellations have a specific SGN designation?
The two largest ones - Coteaux du Layon and Coteaux de l'Aubance
54
What other AOP shares a border with Coteaux de l'Aubance? What wine is made there?
Anjou Villages Brissac AOP. For red wines from Cabernets Franc and Sauvignon
55
What is the difference between Rosé d'Anjou and Cabernet d'Anjou AOPs?
both are for rosé only, but Rosé d'Anjou AOP uses a larger complement of grapes - Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d'Aunis, and is sweeter with min. 7 g/l rs
56
What is Saumur "Puy Notre-Dame?"
This is a designation under Saumur AOP for reds with minimum 85% Cab Franc plus Cabernet Sauvignon, from a delimited area south of Saumur, not released until July 1 after harvest with min. 12% alcohol. In short, an attempt to make a fuller, ageable style of red.
57
Which region of France produces the most white wine?
The Loire
58
Largest/most important white wine AOP in Loire?
Vouvray AOP
59
Subsoil in Vouvray
tuffeau
60
Subsoil in Saumur-Champigny
tuffeau
61
Principal soils of Chinon
varennes (alluvial sand), tuffeau (soft limestone), clay
62
Three producers of Chinon AOP
Joguet, Raffault, Bernard Baudry
63
Three Vourvray producers
Huet, Monmousseau, Domaine François Pinon (all make sparkling wine as well)
64
Three Saumur producers
Guiberteau, Château Tour Grise, Domaine du Collier, Chateau de Breze
65
Iconic Saumur-Champigny producer
Clos Rougeard, also Thierry Germain, Château Yvonne
66
Name a producer from Jasnieres
Pascal Janvier
67
What is Orbois?
White grape, rare minor blending grape in Vouvray (max 5%)
68
Name a producer of Bourgeuil
Pierre Breton, Stéphane Guion
69
What wines are allowed in Bourgeuil AOP? Grapes?
rouge and rosé from Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
70
What are the three soil types found in Sancerre?
Silex - flint soils that continue into Pouilly-Fumé; Caillottes - fossil filled, stony soil (from eroded limestone); terres blanches - from Kimmeridgian limestone
71
What is a famous Sancerre vineyards on terres blanches?
Monts Damnés in Chavignol - Cotat; also Chene Marchand in Bué - Lucien Crochet
72
Name a producer of Sancerre rouge? Rosé?
Vacheron, Cotat, Pascal Olivet
73
Compare the terroirs of Quincy and Reuilly
Quincy has mostly sandy soils, where Reuilly has more varied Limestone marl, gravel, and sand
74
What wines are made in Quincy AOP? Year of creation?
est. 1936 (same as CdP). For only white wines, from Sauvignon Blanc (max 10% gris)
75
Wines and grapes of Reuilly AOP?
Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris -vin gris
Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir
76
Was Quincy or Reuilly established first?
Quincy in 1936, Reuilly in 1937 (reds added in '61)
77
Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP vs. Pouilly Fumé AOP
Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP is for 100% Chasselas wines, vs. 100% Sauvignon Blanc for Pouilly Fumé
78
Does Pouilly Fumé AOP allow Sauvignon Gris
NO
79
Name a producer of Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP
Patrice Moreux
80
Coteaux du Giennois AOP
Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: Pinot Noir and Gamay (neither may exceed 80%)
Rouge: Pinot Noir and Gamay (neither may exceed 80%)
81
Climate of Central Vineyards
Continental - short summers and cold winters
82
Mentou-Salon AOP
Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: 100% Pinot Noir
Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir
83
Name a producer of Mentou-Salon
Domaine Pellé
84
Soils of Menetou Salon
limestone based
85
Orléans AOP
```
Blanc:
Principal Variety: Min. 60% Chardonnay
Accessory Variety: Pinot Gris
Rosé:
Principal Variety: Min. 60% Meunier
Complementary Variety: Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir
Rouge:
Principal Variety: 70-90% Meunier
Accessory Variety: Pinot Noir
```
86
What is the principal grape of Orléans rosé and rouge?
Meunier
87
What is the principal grape of Orléans-Cléry AOP?
Cabernet Franc 100%, rouge only
88
Soils of Pouilly Fumé AOP?
Kimmeridgian marl, Oxfordian limestone (caillottes), flint (silex), clay-siliceous soils
89
Producer of Pouilly Fumé AOP?
Pascal Jolivet (also Sancerre)
90
What are the principal bottlings of Didier Dagueneau?
En Chailloux - a multi-vineyard blend; Buisson Renard; Silex - single vineyard, flinty; Pur Sang (clay rich site, less mineral)
91
What region is Didier Dagueneau associated with?
Pouilly Fumé
92
Is chaptalization legal in Bonnezaux?
Yes
93
Is chaptalization legal in Quarts de Chaume?
No
94
Principal soils of Quarts de Chaume?
Schist and sandstone
95
What vintage allowed "Grand Cru" on Quarts de Chaume labels for the first time?
2010
96
Notable producer of Bonnezeaux?
Chateau des Fesles
97
Discuss terroir of Anjou
Anjou Noir (Anjou sur Schistes), large area of schist based soils near south-eastern edge of the Massif Armoricain vs. Anjou Blanc (Anjou sur Tuffeau), porous limestone from the Paris Basin.
98
What notable Burgundy vigneron has invested in Anjou-Saumur?
Anne Claude Leflaive - Clau de Nell
99
Name 5 AOPs where Tuffeau based soils may be found
Saumur, Saumur-Champigny, Bourguiel, Saint Nicolas-de-Bourgeuil, Montlouis-sur-Loire
100
Minimum RS and grapes for the Cabernet d'Anjou, Cabernet de Saumur, Rosé d'Anjou, and Rosé de Loire AOPs
Cabernet d'Anjou: 10g/l, Cabernets Franc and Sauvignon
Cabernet de Saumur: 7 g/l MAX, Cabernets
Rosé d'Anjou: min. 7 g/l, Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d'Aunis
Rosé de Loire: max. 3 g/l, same grapes as above
101
Will Cabernet d'Anjou or Cabernet de Saumur be a sweeter wine?
Cabernet d'Anjou
102
Crémant de Loire min. pressure?
4 atm
103
Crémant de Loire styles and grapes
Vin Mousseaux blanc or rosé. Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d'Aunis
Assemblage: Max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d'Aunis
104
Crémant de Loire min. aging
9 mo. on lees, 12 mo. from date of tirage.
105
Is hand harvesting a requirement for Crémant de Loire?
must be hand harvested.
106
Synonym for Cabernet Franc in the Loire?
Breton
107
What village is Huet associated with?
Vouvray
108
Max rs for Vouvray Blanc "Sec?"
8 g/l
109
Soils of Bourgueil?
Tuffeau and gravel (alluvial deposits)
110
What wines are allowed in Chinon AOP?
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rosé: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
Rouge: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
111
Who makes Cuvée Constance?
Domaine Huet - made in select vintages, botrytized Chenin selected from one, two or all three vineyards
112
What are Huet's 3 vineyards?
Le Haut Lieu, Le Mont, Clos de Bourg
113
What styles of wine does Huet make?
Sec, Demi-Sec, Moelleux, or Moelleux 1ère Trie - may come from any vineyard, depending on the vintage
114
What is Vouvray’s “Première Côte?"
Close to the river, has the steepest slope, limestone closest to the surface
115
What village is Francois Chidaine associated with?
Montlouis sur Loire
116
Which AOP is directly across the river from Vouvray?
Montlouis sur Loire (on the South side)
117
What is the name of Jackie Blot's property?
Domaine de la Taille Aux Loups (Montlouis and Vouvray)
118
Guiberteau is associated with what town?
Saumur
119
Principal white grape for Touraine AOP blanc
Sauvignon Blanc
120
Touraine "Amboise"
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rosé: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay
Rouge: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay
121
Touraine "Mesland"
white: Chenin must be majority of the blend
red: Gamay, plus Cot and Cabernet Franc, at least 3 varieties must be present in the blend
122
Touraine "Azay-le-Rideau":
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rouge: must be majority Grolleau
123
Touraine "Oisly":
Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
124
Touraine "Chenonceaux":
Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rouge: Cot and Cabernet Franc must account for majority of the blend
125
Touraine AOP rouge
Principal Varieties: Min. 80% combined Cabernet Franc and Cot (min. 50%). Vineyards west of Tours have a min. 80% Cabernet Franc.
126
Touraine AOP rosé
Rosé: Min. 2 varieties present, and no variety may exceed 70% of the vineyard. Cabernet Franc, Cot, Gamay, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Cabernet Sauvignon, Meunier, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Pineau d'Aunis
127
Can Touraine AOP rosé be varietal?
NO - must be a blend
128
Touraine Noble-Joué AOP
Still, dry rosé. Principal Variety: Greater than 50% Pinot Meunier
Complementary Varieties: Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir
129
Where is Touraine Noble-Joué AOP
South of the river, bordering Montlouis sur Loire to the SW
130
Valençay AOP
Blanc: Sauvignon Blanc must be the sole variety in the blend, or it must account for the majority of the blend with Orbois, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Gris.
Rosé/Rouge: All three principal varieties must be present in the blend - Gamay, Pinot Noir, Cot, plus Cabernet Franc and Pineau d'Aunis
131
Cheverny AOP
Blanc: Min. 50% combined Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
, then Min. 16% combined Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc and Orbois
Rosé & Rouge: (Min. 85% combined Pinot Noir & Gamay), Min. 50% Pinot Noir then Min. 16% Gamay
Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc and Cot
132
Coteaux du Loir AOP
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
| Rouge and Rosé wines may be produced solely from Pineau d'Aunis. For blends, Pineau d'Aunis must be in the majority.
133
Coteaux du Loir AOP producer
Domaine Philippe Tessier
134
Châteaumeillant AOP
Central France AOP for Vin Gris and rouge, in the Cher departmént South of Reuilly/Quincy. Vin Gris: Min. 60% Gamay plus Pinot Noir and a max. 15% Pinot Gris
Rouge: Min. 60% Gamay plus Pinot Noi
135
Côte Roannaise AOP
Central France AOP for rosé and rouge from Gamay. In the Loire department to the west of Roanne (itself west of Macon).
136
Côtes d'Auvergne AOP
Blanc: 100% Chardonnay
Rosé: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
Rouge: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
Near
CLERMONT-FERRAND - home to Michelin
137
Côtes du Forez AOP
rosé and rouge from 100% Gamay - a southern continuation of the Cote Roannaise (now to the SW of Roanne)
138
Saint-Pourçain AOP
Blanc: 50-80% Chardonnay, 20-40% Sacy (Tressalier), max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: 100% Gamay
Rouge: 40-75% Gamay, and 25-60% Pinot Noir
In Allier department, near Moulins
139
Coteaux du Saumur AOP
100% Chenin sweet wines, minimum rs 34 g/l
140
Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire AOP
100% Chenin sweet wines, minimum rs 34 g/l, to the west of Savennières
141
Anjou Villages AOP
Large AOP for Rouge only from Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon. Wines must age until Sep 1 of year following harvest.
142
What is the river in the Coteaux du Layon (Bonnezeaux, near Quarts du Chaume...)?
The Chaume
143
Grape allowed in Bonnezeaux? min rs?
Chenin Blanc 100%, 51 g/l
144
What river runs through the Chinon AOP?
The Vienne
145
Cour-Cheverny AOP wine styles and grapes
varietal white wines (dry or off dry) from 100% Romorantin
146
name a producer of Cour Cheverny AOP
François Cazin
147
What are Jacky Blot's two labels? Which villages/AOPs are they associated with?
DOMAINE DE LA BUTTE - Bourgueil; Domaine de la Taille aux Loups - Mountlouis sur Loire
148
Why are Jacky Blot's Domaine de la Taille aux Loups bottles of Vouvray only allowed the VdF label?
Before 2013 (the decision came in 2009), producers could vinify Vouvray outside the borders of the appellation
