FRAX risk assessment Flashcards
What does FRAX calculate your risk for?
Ten year probability of a fracture
What ages does the tool accept?
Between 40 and 90
Which sex is more likely to develop osteoporosis?
Female
Give the risk factors for developing osteoporosis
Age, female, low BMI, previous fracture, history of parents with fractured hip, current smoking, glucocorticoids, rheumatoid arthritis, secondary osteoporosis, alcohol, low bone mineral density
Secondary osteoporosis refers to diseases strongly linked to osteoporosis. Give some examples of these
Type 1 diabetes, adult osteogenesis imperfecta, chronic hyperthyroidism/hyperparathyroidism, hypogonadism, premature menopause, chronic malnutrition, chronic liver/renal disease
What counts as a “yes” for glucocorticoid use?
Current exposure to oral glucocorticoids or previous use for more than 3 months of dose of 5mg prednisolone or more
What counts as a “yes” for alcohol?
3+ units/day
Why is “arthritis” not a sufficient answer regarding rheumatoid arthritis?
Osteoarthritis can have a protective effect so must confirm that it is rheumatoid arthritis
Where is the DXA reference site for bone mineral density on the body?
The femoral neck
What risk factors would you ask about in past medical history?
Previous fracture
Rheumatoid arthritis
Secondary osteoporosis: T1DM, chronic liver disease/malnutrition, adult osteogenesis imperfecta, chronic hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, premature menopause, prolonged immobility, organ transplant
What risk factors would you ask about in the drug history?
Use of glucocorticoids/steroids
What risk factors would you ask about in the family history?
Family history of fractures
What risk factors would you ask about in social history?
Current smoking
Alcohol (>3 units a day)
(not in set score but: diet (vit D/calcium) and exercise (immobility and exposure to sun)
What would you determine on identification of patient?
Age, Sex, BMI, BMD
What probabilities would you treat?
3% or more risk for hip fracture
20% or more for major osteoporotic fracture
