free at last history

Question 1

Great Migration

List 5 push factors for black Americans moving North

Answer 1

• sharecropping kept black people in poverty
• Boll weevils destroyed the cotton crops
• Racial prejudice against black people in the south (KKK, Jim Crow laws)
• little money spent on education
• Flooding of the Mississippi wiped out the cotton crop in 1927
• Authorities did nothing to improve conditions for black people but did much to make them worse

Question 2

Great Migration

List 4 pull factors for black Americans moving north

Answer 2

• During the first world war there was an increase in the number of jobs in the industries of the North
• Northern factory owners advertised in the South to attract black workers
• better wages in the north
• The government cut back the number of immigrants coming to the USA so more jobs were available for black people
• hope of better education and housing (the american dream)
• Publications published train schedules and lists of jobs to persuade southern blacks to migrate north.

Question 3

Black experience ww2/ double V campaign

1. What was the “Double V Campaign”?
2. Philiph Randolph threatened a march on washington during ww2 unless discrimination in army etc was ended. In 1941 he met with president and demanded he made an order to stop discrimination. What were Philip Randolph’s 3 demands?
3. What was another reason The President, Franklin D Roosevelt, issued the executive order to end segragation?

Answer 3

1. Victory in the war and victory for civil rights in the USA
2. • immediate end to segregation and discrimination in federal government jobs
     - an end to segregation in the armed forces
     - government support for an end to discrimination and segregation in all jobs in america
3. FDR explained hitlers racist policies against jews to gain support fro the war. FDR needed black soldiers but a march on Washington would be embarassing and remind people racism existed in the USA.

Question 4

Black experience WW2

List 4 experiences of black americans in ww2

Answer 4

• more than 1 million Black Americans served in the armed forces
• It encouraged many black americans to move north in search of work. This led to violence as Black and Whit races lived in proximity to each other
• Black and white American soldiers were segregated in the armed forces
• Some black americans had the chance to train as pilots

Question 5

List 4 impacts of slave trade/carribean on britains economy

Answer 5

• Many people relied directly on slave trade for employment, eg sailors, sail makers
• Many people relied indirectly on the slave trade for their livelihood, e.g. textile workers, fishermen
• Growth of industries such as copper smelting, sugar refining, glassm making and textiles
• wealthy individuals became richer due to the slave trade and invested profits from the trade e.g. schools, colleges, libraries

Question 6

1. 1 impact of slave trade on liverpool

2. 1 impact of slave trade on london

Answer 6

1. By the 1780s Liverpool became the largest ship-building site in Britain, with 2 out of every 5 British vessels built there, many of which are used in the slave trade
2. The City of London provided financial services such as insurance and loans to slave traders

Question 7

1. list push factors of why people went to the usa

2 pull factors

Answer 7

1. to escape problems in their own countries such as poverty, no jobs, wars, no religious freedom, no land, no food, no money etc
2. attractions of the usa such as, wealth and higher wages, land, political freedom, new life, education, opportunity, American dream the hope that hard work woul make the poor richer, letters from relatives, better living conditions, cheap and easier travel across atlantic from steam ship companies

Question 8

List 3 impacts that trade with the carribean had on the british economy

Answer 8

• glasgow’s economy benefited from the tobacco trade
• banking and insurances businesses grew
• slave cotton provided work for the mills of lankashire

Question 9

Changing attitiudes to immigrants

List why attitudes change after ww1

Answer 9

• self interest, americans wanted to stop immigrants competing for jobs during times of unemployment
• USA had tried to limit immigration before 1900. Convicts, lunatics and very poor were barred entry. Chinese and Japanese also found entry very difficult, they were a threat to white jobs.
• WW1 many german immigrants supported germany although usa fighting against them, danger that american society would split
• Red scare scared immigrants brought dangerous new ideas, archaism and communism 1919 saw strikes and violent protests it looked like revolution was close
• Plans to reduce immigration already discussed. banned asian immkigrants, literacy tests

Question 10

Jim Crow Laws

6 things

Answer 10

• seperate seats on railways, seperate waiting rooms, buses, schools, churches, hospital wards, cemetries, public drinking fountains
• passed in southern states by end of 19th century
• intended to keep black and white people seperate
• named after a stage performer who depicted blacks as stupid, lazy, and unreliable
• blacks ended up with lowest paid jobs and housing
• southern states could make up any law they wanted blacks could not vote against them