French Revolution Flashcards
(25 cards)
Enlightenment
European movement in the 17th and 18th century which preached reason and individualism rather than tradition (an effect of the American revolution)
Natural rights
Ideology that contributed to france’s revolutionary mood. They are God’s given rights to man
Financial crisis
France was broke. They partook in wars and Louis XVI inherited the debt and doubled it by borrowing to help the American revolutionaries
Estates general
Assembly of representatives from all 3 estates at Versailles ( clergy, nobility, and peasants) they had to meet to approve louis’ new tax
Tennis court oath
When the third estate starts calling themselves the National Assembly they get sent out from the estates general. So they stick together and they go to a nearby tennis court and they agree to work together until there is a constitution
Radical/moderate revolution
The French Revolution has radical and moderate stages
Moderate phase: at the beginning the anger was with the kind and they were angry and rioted. The declaration of the rights of man is written
Radical phase: revolution turns bloody and the king and queen are executed. The committee of public safety is created and the reign of terror starts
Bastille
Castle/ prison and storage for ammunition
The revolution stormed in on July 14, 1789
They took over the bastille and this was the real start of the revolution
National guard
French militia that existed separately from the military
All authority stems from the nation
The idea that the power is in the people not the king
The great fear
Panic caused during the French Revolution because of protests due to economic concerns, rural panics and rumors
Women’s march
Nearly 7,000 woman marched from Paris to Versaille. Known as one of the most influential moments in the revolution. It showed people they had power over royalty
Nationalization
Government taking over ownership of industries or parts of the economy
Rationalization
Finding logical answers to justify an action
Jewish emancipation
Jews were emancipated during the French Revolution. Didn’t happen anywhere else. They were allowed to live equally
War with Austria and Prussia
In 1792 war was declared between France and Austria and Prussia, because frances neighbors wanted to end the revolution and restore the monarchy
Elan
Revolutionary spirit, especially used to describe the strong feelings of the French army
September massacres
Wave of killing in Paris and other cities during the revolution. It was feared that the people imprisoned would get out and join them
Universal manhood suffrage
A form of voting rights in which all adult males are permitted to vote
Sans-culottes
Middle and lower class Frenchmen that fought in the revolution. They were radical and extreme
Jacobins
A group that formed after the revolution. They were the most extreme group and ended up killing a lot of people during the reign of terror
Crisis of 1793
Period from early March through April which marked a turning point in the revolution. The national convention created the groundwork for the reign of terror during this time
Committee of public safety
Made by the National convention and then restructured in July 1793, formed the de facto executive government in France during the reign of terror
Reign of terror
Happened during the rule of sans-cullote during the French Revolution. Anyone what was thought to be against the revolution was killed
Levee en masse
French term for mass conscription which means when everyone rich or poor was forced to join the war against Prussia and Austria who wanted to restore the monarchy
