Frequency Distributions

Question 1

raw score

Answer 1

data point, usually a value of a measure on some scale, that has not yet been transformed or analyzed

Question 2

data set

Answer 2

all relevant raw scores

Question 3

frequency

Answer 3

number of times a score appears in a data set

Question 4

cumulative frequency

Answer 4

number of times a score and all lower scores appear in a data set

Question 5

frequency distribution

Answer 5

describes the pattern of a set of scores based on the number of times each value appears in a data set

Question 6

frequency table

Answer 6

visual depiction of data that shows how often each value occurred- that is, how many scores were at each value

Question 7

grouped frequency table

Answer 7

visual depiction of data that reports frequencies within a given interval rather than the frequencies at a specific value

Question 8

histograms

Answer 8

graph that looks like a bar graph but depicts just one variable

Question 9

normal distribution

Answer 9

bell-shaped, symmetric, unimodal, curve

Question 10

skewed distributions

Answer 10

distribution in which one of the trails of the distribution is pulled away from the center

Question 11

positively skewed

Answer 11

tail to the right, may represent floor effects

Question 12

negatively skewed

Answer 12

tail to the left, may represent ceiling effects

Question 13

floor effect

Answer 13

situation in which a constraint prevents a variable from taking values below a certain point

Question 14

ceiling effect

Answer 14

situation in which a constraint prevents a variable from taking on values above a given number