FRS

Question 1

3 parts of Uterus

Answer 1

Fundus, body, cervix

Question 2

Posterosuperior

Answer 2

In back and above

Question 3

3 tissue layers of fundus and body

Answer 3

Peritoneum/perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

Question 4

Peritoneum/perimetrium

Answer 4

Double layered membrane

Question 5

Myometrium

Answer 5

Thick smooth muscle layer, cells undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia during pregnancy to expel fetus at birth

Question 6

Endometrium

Answer 6

Inner mucous membrane lining uterus, 2 parts (deep stratum basalis, superficial stratum functionalis)

Question 7

Deep stratum basalis

Answer 7

Limited change through menstrual cycle, not shed

Question 8

Superficial stratum functionalis

Answer 8

Proliferates in response to oestrogen, secretory in response to progesterone. Sheds, regenerates from cells in stratum basalis layer

Question 9

Primary support for uterus

Answer 9

Pelvic floor

Question 10

Broad ligament

Answer 10

Double layer of peritoneum attaching uterus to pelvis

Question 11

Pudendum

Answer 11

Vulva - external genitalia

Question 12

Bartholins glands

Answer 12

Superficial pouch, secrete lubricating mucus

Question 13

Fourchette

Answer 13

Fold of skin at back of vulva

Question 14

Parts of uterine tube

Answer 14

Isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, fimbriae

Question 15

Yolk sac

Answer 15

First site of blood cell formation

Question 16

Chorion

Answer 16

Principle part of placenta, outermost membrane around embryo

Question 17

Amnion

Answer 17

Surrounds embryo, amniotic fluid

Question 18

Allantois

Answer 18

Vascular connection between embryo and placenta

Question 19

Pluripotent stem cells

Answer 19

Tissue formation, any embryonic cell type eg neural, muscular, blood

Question 20

Gastrulation

Answer 20

Organs derive from specific germ layer (DAY 14-16)

Question 21

Ectoderm formations

Answer 21

Pigment cells, skin cells of epidermis, neuron of brain

Question 22

Mesoderm formations

Answer 22

Cardiac, smooth, skeletal muscle, tubule cell of kidney, RBC

Question 23

Endoderm formations

Answer 23

Alveolar cell, pancreatic cell, thyroid cell

Question 24

Germ cells

Answer 24

Sperm and egg

Question 25

DAY 17-19

Answer 25

Cephalic and caudal region form

Question 26

DAY 19-21

Answer 26

Neural System develops from ECTODERM layer

Question 27

DAY 23-26

Answer 27

Neural tube closure, neural plate folds to form groove, fold, tube

Question 28

Neural crest cells

Answer 28

Dorsal, migratory, contribute to many structures

Question 29

Somites

Answer 29

(Day 19) 44 pairs total, produce muscle, vertebral and rib bones

Question 30

Ears develop from

Answer 30

Otic placodes (week 4 disappears from surface, week 5 forms inner ear)

Question 31

Eye development

Answer 31

Week 4, cells in optic placode form lens

Question 32

Heartbeat

Answer 32

Day 22

Question 33

Heart circulation

Answer 33

Day 27-28

Question 34

Lung development

Answer 34

Endoderm and mesoderm - supply alveoli Ectoderm - neural innervation Mesoderm - musculoskeletal support

Question 35

Kidney development occurs in

Answer 35

Urogenital ridge (in association with genitals)

Question 36

3 stages of kidney development

Answer 36

Pronephros (day 18), mesonephros (day 24), metanephros (day 35)

Question 37

GI system develops from

Answer 37

Endoderm (week 2/3) Mesoderm (mesentry, smooth muscle, blood vessels) Ectoderm (enteric nervous system)

Question 38

Pancreas embryo

Answer 38

Herniated on outer surface of embryo then reabsorbed

Question 39

All essential structures initiated by

Answer 39

Week 9

Question 40

Septal defect

Answer 40

Failure to form division between left and right side of the heart

Question 41

Gastroschisis

Answer 41

Failure of abdominal wall to close, intestines herniated (young mothers, small babies)

Question 42

Omphalocoele

Answer 42

Severe abdominal wall defect, liver, stomach, intestines herniated (older mothers)

Question 43

Blastocyst hatching

Answer 43

Egg released from protective coat (Zona pellucida)

Question 44

Placenta cells in blastocyst

Answer 44

Trophectoderm

Question 45

Auricular surface of ilium articulates with

Answer 45

Auricular surface of sacrum to form the sacroiliac joint