fruit and vegetable commodities Flashcards
(33 cards)
what is a fruit and name 5 types of fruit
the part of a plant that holds the seed and will form a new plant- hard, soft, citrus, stoned, tropical
what is a vegetable and name 5 types
vegetable is the edible part of a plant- root, stem,tubers,fungi, bulbs
organic
grown without artificial chemicals/ fertalisers
food provenance
knowing where food was grown, caught or raised
what nutrients can only be found from fruits and vegetables
vitamin c & fibre
what percent of your diet does the eatwell guide recommend fruit and veg be
1/3
vitamin a
yellow and orange fruit and veg, vision
vitamin c
peppers, tomatoes, citrus fruits, berries and some green veg maintaining and healing body tissue
dietary fibres
all but especially in leeks, berries, figs and peas
vitamin b
pulses
seasonal fruit and veg
fruits and veg that ripen at certain times of the year meaning they have to get imported, when in season they have more nutritional value and taste better
what does watercress, lentils and spinach contain
calcium and iron
what are two ways nutritional values are affected
cooking method and seasonality
what causes spoilage and decay
enzymes, oxygen, yeasts and naturally occurring mould, mould and yeasts feed on the moisture and sugar
what is enzymic browning
a reaction between the oxygen and plant cell
how to prevent enzymic browning
blanching, adding acid or cooking immediately
what happens to natural sugars when cooked
caramelisation
what type of vegetables can thicken a liquid through gelatinisation
starchy vegetables
what are the 3 ways to get the most nutrients out of a fruit or vegetable
rinse don’t soak, peel thinly as nutrients are right under skin, don’t prepare too far in advance
5 preservation methods
canning, drying, modified atmosphere, freezing,juices or UHT
how to pick a fruit or veg
looks fresh with good colour, no bruises or blemished and damaged
where to store root vegetables and for how long
in a cool dry place for several months
what does the sun do to potatoes
gives it green spots which are toxic
how do fruit and veg spoil quicker
if left in plastic packaging
