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FTM1 Flashcards

1
Q

Digoxin

A

inhibits Na/K ATPase

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2
Q

Colchicine

A

anti-cancer by preventing polymerization or prevent of breakdown of MT
also an anti-inflammatory agent in gout patients

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3
Q

Taxol

A

stabilizes and prevents MT dissemble

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4
Q

Phalloidin

A

excessive polymerization of actin and prevents disassembly

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5
Q

Cytochalasin

A

blocks polymerization of actin

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6
Q

quinolones

A

Prevents ligation of cleaved DNA duplex by Gyrase

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7
Q

Etoposide

A

poison for Topo II in Euk

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8
Q

Camptothecin

A

Poison for TOPO I in Euk

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9
Q

Actinomyocin D

A

prevents formation of SS DNA so both transcription and translation are halted. common chemo therapy used in Wilm tumor, testicular cancer and Kaposi Sarcoma

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10
Q

Oubain

A

Na/K ATPase

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11
Q

Clonidine

A

lowers BP

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12
Q

Atenolol

A

Lowers HR

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13
Q

Didanosine

A

HIV drugs that inhibits RT. adds 3 phosphates, nucleoside analogue of adenosine

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14
Q

Tenofovir

A

HIV drug that inhibits RT, adds 2 phosphates and it is an analogue of a nucleotide (adenosine monophosphate)

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15
Q

Acyclovir

A

HIV drug that inhibits DNA pol of virus. it adds 3 phosphates and it is a nucleoside analogue of guanosine. it requires viral thymidine kinase so it is selective

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16
Q

Cytosine arabinoside (araC)

A

anti-cancer by inhibiting DNA pol. nucleoside analogue of cytosine. it adds 3 phosphates
important in leukemia and lymphoma patients

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17
Q

ara A (adenosine arabinoside)

A

anti-cancer by inhibiting DNA pol. it adds 3 phosphates.

important anti-neoplastic agent in patients with relapsed lymphoma and leukemia

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18
Q

AZT

A

HIV drug than inhibits RT. it adds 3 phosphates. it is used a combination drug, it is a nucleoside analogue of thymidine

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19
Q

Rifampin

A

blocks transcription by preventing the first phosphodiester bond to form. particularly affective on gram + bacteria and TB

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20
Q

Alpha-Amanatin

A

binds to RNA pol and prevents transcription. initial symptoms seen in intestine followed by liver and kidney failure. to treat from this poisoning do decontamination of gastrointestine, high doses of PENICILLIN or liver transplant

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21
Q

Toxin A

A

comes from Diptheria which causes infection in upper respiratory tract . it inhibits protein synthesis. give patients Nicotinamide as part of treatment

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22
Q

Streptomycin

A

inhibits initiation of translation, OTOTOXICITY. binds to 30S subunit of ribosome and prevents binding of f-MET to P site

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23
Q

Tetracycline

A

binds to 30S and 40S, inhibits elongation by prevent aminoacyl tRNA to bind to A site

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24
Q

Erythromycin

A

binds to 50S and prevent translocation of elongation. mostly used for gram + bacteria

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25
Chloramphenicol
binds to 50S and inhibits elongation by inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity . haematological toxicity may occur so save only for serious infections
26
cycloheximide
research purpose only! binds to 60S and inhibits elongation by inhibitin peptidyl transferase activity. Will not affect mito proteins. CANNOT GIVE TO HUMANS
27
Puromycin
analogue of phenylalanine and inhibits elongation via premature termination of translation it works for both humans and prok.
28
Mycophenolic Acid
inhibits IMP dehydrogenase in purine synthesis which deprives B and T cells of nucleotides they need and so reduces the immune system activity so it is often used as immunosupressant
29
hydroxylurea
anti cancer drug to inhibit synthesis of DNA by inhibiting ribonuclease reductase
30
probenecid
increases secretion of uric acid in urine
31
Allopurinol
decreases the formation of uric acid
32
febuxostat
decreases formation of uric acid
33
methylxanthine
inhibits Achesterase so cAMP presists
34
atenolol
a beta blocker used to reduce heart rate an regulate tachycardia
35
sulfanomide
inhibits dihydropteroate synthase in bacteria to prevent formation of Tetrahydrophlorate
36
Methotrexate
inhibits dihydropholate reductase in humans to prevent formation of THF
37
trimethoprim
inihibits dihydropholate reductase to prevent formation of THF
38
5 Fluorouracil
gets converted into 5FdUMP which will then block thymadilate synthase. it is an anti cancer drug and it distrupts DNA in normal and cancer cells but RNA only in cancer cells. give extra thymadine to patients
39
albuterol
B2 agonist used to treat asthma
40
proponolol
B-antagonist used to treat hypertension
41
imatinib mesylate
prevents constituitive activity of TK esp in ABL/BCR in Philadelphia xsome
42
hexamethonium
inhibits N2 receptors which are nicotinic receptors of the autonomic system
43
slidenafil
prevents break down of cGMP in smooth muscle surrounding vessels to prolong relaxation of the vesse
44
neostigmine and physosstigmine
reversible anti ACHE drug, crosses BBB and good for treatment of atropine poisoning. also used for treating myasthenia gravis. they will bind to ACHE to prevent it from breaking down ACH in cleft
45
botulinum toxin
prevents ACH vesicles from docking and exocytosis which will lead to paralysis due to no ACH being released . good for using as diagnosis tool for lambert-eaton syndrome
46
erdophonium
good for diagnosis of lamber-eaton and myasthenia gravis because its duration of action is short
47
Malathion
Anti ACHE by binding to ACHE covalently but it is irreversible so to overcome it you have to make new ACHE
48
pilocrine
muscarinic agonist which used to be used for glaucoma treatment and for treating dry mouth
49
methacholine
also a muscarinic agonist that is used in detection of asthma because asthmatics are really sensitive to low concentrations
50
bethanechol
muscarinic agonist that promotes GI and urinary tract motility so its usually used for post-op patients
51
atropine
muscarinic antagonist and it binds to ACH receptors and prevents ACH from binding but its a competetive antagonist so it can be overcome. it causes tachycardia, decrease mucus secretion and reduces GI motility
52
succinylcholine (depolarizing)
``` nicotinic agonist (depolarizing kind) it prevents the muscle from contracting because it keeps the nicotinic channels open which at first causes a contraction but because they cant return to their resting state they cant contract anymore and eventually receptors are desensitized. used for intubation and ventilation but it can cause bradychardia and K+ release along wiht paralysis and hyperthermia ```
53
pancuromium (non-depolarizing)
nicotinic antagonist used to relax muscles during surgery and to induce anesthesia. it binds to the receptors and prevents ACH from having an effect. but it may cause hypertension, apnea, bronchospasm , salivation or respiratory failure
54
Slidenafil
this inhibits break down of cGMP and this will prevent smooth muscle relaxation in vascular smooth muscle
55
Pyridostigmine
anti ACHE drug
56
amphetamines
inhibits catelcholamine storage
57
pseudoepherdrine
inhibits catelcholamine storage
58
cocaine
inhibits reuptake of catelocholamines
59
imipramine
inhibits reuptake of catelcholamines
60
iproniazid
inhibits catelcholamine metabolism
61
phenylpherine
alpha-1 agonist that is used to treat nasal congestion but it may cause hypertension
62
Prazosin
alpha-1 antagonist that is used to treat hypertension and prostatic hyperplasia but it may cause hypotension as a side effect
63
tamsulosin
alpha-1 antagonist that is used to treat prostatic hyperplasia and its more selective so it causes less hypotension
64
clonidine
its an alpha-2 agonist that is used to treat hypertension and opioid withdrwals but it may have side effects such as hypertension and bradychardia
65
oxymetaxoline
its a non-selective alpha-1 and alpha-2 agonist (only partial alpha-2) which is topical/ nasal decongestant and it treats ocular hyperemia
66
phenoxybenzamine
an alpha-1/alpha-2 antagonist used to manage hypertension
67
phenolotolamine
alpha-1/alpha-2 antagonist used to manage hypertension
68
dobutamine
its a beta-1 agonist which increases heart contractility and output but not heart rate so it is used to treat acute heart failure
69
albuterol
its a beta-2 agonist used to treat asthma patients -
70
pinodolol
B1 partial agonist that is used to treat patients with hypertension who also suffer from bradycardia
71
atenolol
B1 antagonist that is used to treat HT and angina y reducing renin and blood volume. side effects include dysapnea and sedation
72
propanolol
B antagonist (non-selective) that also treats HT and angina but with more severe sedation and dyspnea
73
ephedrine/ pseudoephedrine
a drug that prevents storage of CA and thus increases the NE in the cleft, it is used to treat nasal decongestion
74
cocaine
this is a drug that prevents re-uptake of CA by blocking NET so the concentration of NE increases in the cleft
75
Imipramine
this is another drug that prevents re-uptake of CA which is often used to mild depression
76
iprozianid
this is a drug that inhibits metabolism of CA via MAO so it will increase the amount of CA in the cleft and cytoplasm, it used to be used to treat mild depression but not anymore
77
Clopidogrel
irrev. inihibitor of P2Y12 receptor where ADP is binding required for platelet aggregaiton
78
heparin
binds to thrombin to inactivate it and binds to anti-thrombinIII to activate it, overal effect of anti platelet formation
79
warfarin
prevents formation of active Vit K so it prevents the formation of mature clotting factors so the overal effect is anticoagulant
80
streptokinase
helps convert plasmoligen into plasmin to promote fibrolysis
81
celebrox
COX 2 inhibitor to treat pain
82
Statin
target HMG-COA reductase to decrease cholesterol synthesis. decreases LDL and TAGs and increases # of receptors of LDL
83
Niacin
decreases VLDL release from the liver so LDL also decreases leading to lowered TAGs
84
Ezetimibe
decreases cholesterol absorption from the liver
85
cholesteryamine
increases bile excretion to help digest fats | leading to reduced LDL
86
fibric acid derivatives
decrease LDL and TAG
87
Verapamil
a Ca channel blocker to act as a negative ionotrope
88
Nifedipine
Ca channel blocker used to prevent altitude sickness | keeps pulmonary artery BP low and A-a difference lower as well.

Drugs (1 decks)

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