Fuck This

Question 1

Raga

Answer 1

simultaneous composition and performance (drone, lute-like)

Question 2

Gamelan

Answer 2

Ensemble made up of bronze and other percussive instruments

Question 3

Son

Answer 3

Genre that utilizes rhumba clave rhythm. Percussion claves, maracas, bongos. Developed into Cha cha, salsa, and mambo

Question 4

12 bar blues

Answer 4

W.C. Handy. Flattened or bent notes on 3, 5, or 7. Standard formula for blues, with a harmonic progression in which the first 4 measure phrases is on tonic, next four is subdominant and ends in tonic, then next four starts on dominant and ends on tonic (1, 4, 1, 5, 1) Hound dog

Question 5

Delta blues

Answer 5

Rural traditions, known as country. Blues. Older style. More male African American singers that moved to Chicago. Vocals: rough, rich in timbre and nuance, rhythmically flexible. Call and response of guitar and voice. Sexuality and relationships

Question 6

Classic blues

Answer 6

Urban style influenced by popular music. First to be recorded. Race records

Question 7

Electric blues/rhythm and blues

Answer 7

Muddy waters. Emphasis on back beats, Chicago important center of development

Question 8

Rock

Answer 8

Coined by Alan freed (radio disc jockey) emerged in US in mid 1950’s. Blended black and white popular music tradition (driving best of r&b, milder guitar background of country music) Jimi Hendrix (skilled guitarist)

Question 9

Soul

Answer 9

James brown godfather of soul. Leading AA tradition of popular music in the 1960’s developed funk. Soul was like gospel and country that talked about love, sex, and other secular themes

Question 10

NOLA JAZZ

Answer 10

Counterpoint melodic lines. Improv. Leading style of jazz after WW1 which centers on group variation of a given tune, either improvised or in the style

Question 11

Big band

Answer 11

1920’s main function to accompany larger dancing spaces. Pieces written down by arranger, solos improvised. Rhythmic unison of entire band or section. Coordinated dialogue between sections and soloist. complex chromatic harmonies and borrowed sounds from modern classical music. 4 note sonorities, chromatic harmonies of debussy. Typically big and featured a vocalist

Question 12

Swing

Answer 12

Combo of stylish arrangements with jazz rhythms

Question 13

Bebop

Answer 13

Style of jazz developed in New York in 1940’s. Extreme virtuosity, harmonic ingenuity, unusual dissonances, chromaticism. Complicated rhythms, focus on solo voices, improv

Question 14

Modal jazz

Answer 14

Late 1950’s. Slowly unfolding melodies; relatively stable, modal harmonies based on modes and changes of scale or pitch collection

Question 15

Avant garde/free jazz

Answer 15

Experimental jazz style in 60’s that blended jazz with avant garde art music. Blurred dis functions of compositions and spontaneous improv. Cecil taylor, sun ra

Question 16

Fusion

Answer 16

Combo do jazz (sometimes avant garde), rock, and other styles. Miles Davis BITCHES BREW

Question 17

Sound mass

Answer 17

Aimed to liberate composition from conventional elements. Sounds are essential structural components. Characterized by timber, register, rhythm, melodic gestures. Interaction may gradually transform

Question 18

Prepared piano

Answer 18

Putting shit in the strings like screws. Resulted in delicate, complex percussive sounds that resembled drums, woodblocks, and gongs. Sure. John cage

Question 19

Indeterminacy

Answer 19

Certain aspects of music left unspecified. Performer chooses. Created in new kinds of notation, fragments of conventional staff notes, purely graphic suggestion and unique performances

Question 20

Chance

Answer 20

Some decisions normally made by composer left to chance

Question 21

Serialism

Answer 21

Prominent 12 tone scale. Inspired by messiaen. Created a mode of 36 pitches each assigned their own pitch, loudness level, etc

Question 22

Metric modulation

Answer 22

Elliot carter. Changing fundamental best to a specific ratio that is specified in the music

Question 23

Non retrograde rhythms

Answer 23

Messiaen. Palindrome

Question 24

Who cares if you listen

Answer 24

Milton Babbitt talks about growing disconnect between contemporary composer and audience. Audiences are not expected to understand modern music. Serial music is more efficient

Question 25

Electronic music

Answer 25

Tape recorders. Theremin. Synthesizers. Electronic sound was created by oscillators and manipulated through electronic device and tape

Question 26

Process/texture/spatial music

Answer 26

Varese Invention of new sounds from conventional instruments. Voices imitate electronic music.

Question 27

Micropolyphony

Answer 27

Ligeti Many lines moving at different rates

Question 28

Minimalism

Answer 28

Leading musical style of late 20th C. Procedures simplified and absorbed rock, African and Asian music and tonality. Romanticism

Question 29

Post-minimalism

Answer 29

Reflects influence of minimalism. Beyond aesthetic, includes traditional methods (canon and harmonic motion, more varied material renewed expressivity)

Question 30

Quotation/collage

Answer 30

Quotation of existing music including collage of multiple choices

Question 31

Post modernism

Answer 31

Abandons notion that musical idioms develop continuously. Styles of all epoch and cultures equally available. Musical material employed as composer sees fit

Question 32

Polystism

Answer 32

Aspect of post modernism. Combo of new and old styles created through quotation or stylistic allusion. Mashup

Question 33

Neo-romanticism

Answer 33

Search for expressive tools, familiar tonal idiom of 19th C romanticism. Incorporates sound

Question 34

Spectralism

Answer 34

Grisly, murail. Analysis of timbre. Approach to sound and composition with focus on perception, acoustics, and tone color. Timbre depicted by sound spectrum, analyzed mathematically. Spectrograph from VP

Question 35

Henry Cowell

Answer 35

Tone clusters (chords made with first or forearm) experimentation in early pianos

Question 36

Leonard Bernstein

Answer 36

Classical broadway. West side story in cool, modern styles of jazz alternates with cool jazz, bebop. Style mix with modernist classical musics fugue on 12 tone theme

Question 37

George Gershwin

Answer 37

Mixed jazz with classical instrumentation

Question 38

Stockhausen

Answer 38

36 pitch mode??? Each assigned specific duration, dynamic level, and articulation. Developed serial procedures. Electronic music. Adopted indeterminacy and quotation

Question 39

Phillip glass

Answer 39

Late 20th C composer. Deeply influenced by rhythm organization of Indian music. Style emphasized melodiousness, consonance, simple harmonic progressions, and amplification of rock music. Had profound influence on the film music. Used electronic keyboard instruments. Einstein on beach

Question 40

George rochberg

Answer 40

American composers went from serialism to quotation after son’s death in mid 60’s. In 70’s romantic and early modernist styles. Incorporated music of Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, and Weber