FUCKING LEARN THIS SHIT Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the four macro molecules
C-carbohydrates
L-lipids
P-proteins
N-nucleic acids
carbohydrates are
sugars
lipids are
fats
Function of a carbohydrate
carbohydrates store fuel for future energy needs,
function of a lipid
lipids are key structural components of cell membranes.
function of Nucleic acid
Nucleic acids store and transfer hereditary information, much of which provides instructions for making proteins.
function of proteins
Proteins themselves have perhaps the broadest range of functions: some provide structural support, but many are like little machines that carry out specific jobs in a cell, such as catalyzing metabolic reactions or receiving and transmitting signals.
what is the general name of molecules that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer
monomer
what is the name when many simple molecules that are repeating structural units called monomers.
polymer
what enzyme breaks down maltose,
maltase
what enzyme break down lipids
lipases
what enzyme break down proteins (also known as polypeptides
peptidases
c=o
is carbonly
H-C=0
Aldehyde
O-H
alchohol
forces that hold atoms together. The forces are formed when the atoms of a molecule share electrons
Covalent bonds
3 types of carbohydrates
monosaccharides
polysaccharidees
disaccharides
CH20)n
usually contain 3-7 carbons
monosaccharides
If the sugar has an aldehyde group, meaning that the carbonyl C is the last one in the chain, it is known as an
aldose.
If the carbonyl C is internal to the chain, so that there are other carbons on both sides of it, it forms a ketone group and the sugar is called a .
ketose
H-C-OH
glucose
HO-C-H
galactose
C======O
fructose
is usually stored in liver and muscle cells. Whenever blood glucose levels decrease, glycogen is broken down via hydrolysis to release glucose monomers that cells can absorb and use.
Glycogen
