Fuels

Question 1

Complete combustion

Answer 1

Water + CO2- Both greenhouse gases

Question 2

Incomplete combustion

Answer 2

Water + Carbon monoxide + C(s) soot

Question 3

Combustions reactions

Answer 3

Happen between gases: Liquid alkanes have to be vaporised first
Small alkanes turn into gases more easily- burn more easily too

Question 4

Reforming

Answer 4

The conversion of straight chain alkanes into branched alkanes or cyclic hydrocarbons- Needs a platinum stuck in aluminium oxide catalyst

Question 6

No combustion in engines

Answer 6

Unburnt hydrocarbons- Can form smog

Question 7

Impure compounds and combustion

Answer 7

With sulfur- Sulfur dioxide
With nitrogen- Nitric Oxide

Question 8

In engines due to high temps..

Answer 8

The nitrogen will react with oxygen to form nitric oxide
N2+ O2-> 2NO

Question 9

Nitric oxide causes

Answer 9

Respiratory issues
Acid rain- Nitric Oxide + O2-> 2NO2
4NO2 + O2+ 2H2O-> 4HNO3

Question 10

Sulfur dioxide causes

Answer 10

Respiratory issues
Acid rain- SO2 + H2O-> H2SO3

Question 11

Solutions

Answer 11

Soot- Filter
NO + CO- Catalytic converter
U burnt hydrocarbons- Catalytic converter

Question 12

Unburnt hydrocarbon + O2-> CO2 + H2O

Answer 12

2NO + 2CO-> N2 + 2CO2

Question 13

SO2

Answer 13

Mesh coated with CaO causes neutralisation reaction to occur producing a harmless solid CaSO3

Question 14

Biofuels

Answer 14

Bio éthanol: Éthanol made by fermentation of sugar

Question 15

Biodiesel

Answer 15

Refining renewable fats and oils

Question 16

Biogas

Answer 16

Breakdown of organic waste matter