Functional Anatomy

Question 1

The brain’s primary function is to

Answer 1

produce behavior

Question 2

PNS nerves carry___ and __

Answer 2

sensory information to the CNS, NS nerves carry sensory information to the CNS
PNS nerves carry motor instructions from CNS to the
muscles and tissues

Question 3

The
CNS
consists of

Answer 3

brain and spinal cord

Question 4

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Answer 4

prepares internal
organs for the rest
and
digest response via the
parasympathetic (calming) nerves or the fight
flight
response through the sympathetic (arousing) nerves

Question 5

enteric nervous system (ENS)

Answer 5

formed by a mesh of

neurons embedded in the lining of the gut, controls the gut

Question 6

Afferent
information is
sensory information
coming

Answer 6

INTO CNS

Question 7

Efferent
information is
information

Answer 7

leaving the
CNS (outgoing
information)

Question 8

Meninges is

Answer 8

Three layers of protective tissue

Question 9

Dura mater vs Arachnoid layer vs Pia mater

Answer 9

“Hard mother”; tough outer layer of fibrous tissue, Like a spider web; thin sheet of delicate connective tissue,•
“Soft mother”; moderately tough inner layer that clings to the
brain’s surface

Question 10

Gyrus is

Answer 10

A small protrusion or bump formed by the folding of the

cerebral cortex

Question 11

Sulcus

Answer 11

A groove in brain matter, usually found in the neocortex or

cerebellum

Question 12

Fissure

Answer 12

A very deep sulcus

Question 13

Gray matte vs White matter

Answer 13

Areas of the nervous system predominantly composed of cellbodies and blood vessels, Areas of the nervous system rich in fat sheathed neural axons

Question 14

Corpus callosum

Answer 14

Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

Question 15

Cerebrospinal fluid is and produces

Answer 15

Sodium chloride (NaCl) and other salt brain produces 1/5 of needed supply every hour

Question 16

Meningitis is

Answer 16

Infection of the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF

)

Question 17

The corpus callosum__contains about ___nerve fibers that join the
two hemispheres and allow them to communicate

Answer 17

a band of white matte,200 million

Question 18

Two main types of cells

Answer 18

Neurons and Glial cells

Question 19

Neurons do this

Answer 19

Carry out the brain’s major functions

Question 20

Glial cells do this

Answer 20

Aid and modulate neurons’ activities

Question 21

Axon is

Answer 21

The connection between neurons

Question 22

Nerve are

Answer 22

Large collection of axons coursing together outside the CNS

Question 23

Tract is

Answer 23

Large collection of axons coursing together within the CNS

Question 24

Three major components of the CNS

Answer 24

Spinal cord
Brainstem
Forebrain

Question 25

The brain stem

Answer 25

Receives afferent nerves coming from senses and | sends efferent nerves out to control movements

Question 26

3 regions of the brain stem

Answer 26

Hindbrain Midbrain Diencephalon

Question 27

The spinal cord

Answer 27

Controls most body movement

Question 28

Cerebellum controls

Answer 28

complex movements and cognitive functions

Question 29

Reticular activating system does this and the regulation of

Answer 29

Stimulates the forebrain Regulation of sleep wake behavior and behavioral arousal

Question 30

Medulla is responsible for

Answer 30

Vital functions- | Control of breathing and heart rate

Question 31

Pons do this

Answer 31

Controls important movements of the body

Question 32

Tectum produces

Answer 32

orienting movement

Question 33

Tegmentum produces

Answer 33

Eye and limb movements specific behaviors Perception of pain

Question 34

Hypothalamus is known for

Answer 34

Temperature regulation, eating, drinking, | and sexual behavior.

Question 35

Thalamus is known for

Answer 35

Information from all sensory systems is | integrated and projected into the appropriate region of theneocortex.

Question 36

Hypothala is almost concerned __ it connects with

Answer 36

Hormone function | Through connections with the pituitary gland

Question 37

Neocortex vs Allocortex

Answer 37

Constructs and responds to a perceptual world,controls motivational states and certain forms of memory

Question 38

Cytoarchitectonic Map

Answer 38

organization and characteristics of the cells.

Question 39

The Basal Ganglia is responsible for __ some related disorders are

Answer 39

voluntary and involuntary movement,Parkinson disease and Tourette syndrome

Question 40

The Limbic System

Answer 40

regulation of Emotional and sexual behaviors Memory Spatial navigation

Question 41

Dorsal fiber vs Ventral fiber

Answer 41

they carry information from the body’s sensory receptors, carry information from the spinal cord to themuscles

Question 42

Sympathetic system vs paraSympathetic system

Answer 42

Arouses the body for action ( fight or flight response) prepares the body to rest and digest Reverses the fight flight response