functional group Flashcards
(21 cards)
It is an organic compound that contains one or more hydroxyl
groups. It is composed of -OH, one oxygen and one hydrogen.
Alcohol
It is the simplest alcohol. It is highly toxic and causes blindness. (CH3OH)
Alcohol-Methanol
It is a common solvent and starting material for various
commercial uses. It also uses to kill microorganism and ingredients in hand sanitizer. (C2H5OH)
Alcohol-Ethanol
The carbonyl group (C=O) is linked to one C atom and one H atom.
Aldehydes
it is linked to two C atoms
Ketones
They are polar in nature. Their boiling point is lower than alcohol because of lack of hydrogen, thus they cannot participate in hydrogen bonding like alcohols.
Aldehydes and Ketones
It is used in preserving animal specimens in the laboratory.
Aqueous formaldehyde
It is used as solvent for organic compounds and as nail polish
remover.
Acetone
It is an organic compound which can donate the proton of the
hydroxyl group to a number of reactions.
Carboxylic acid
It is used in disinfecting hides and the
brewing industries because of its germicidal property. (HCOOH)
Carboxylic acid-Methanoic acid
It is one of the solvent for
many organic and even some inorganic compound. (CH₃COOH)
Carboxylic acid-acetic acid
It is used in coatings and wide
variety of tools and is more resistant to degradation than cellulose acetate.(C4h8O2)
Carboxylic acid-Butyric acid
It is have the general formula R’ COOR. The molecules are polar in nature
but have no hydrogen atom attached directly to an oxygen atom.
Esters
It is used in the manufacture of perfumes and as flavoring agents in the
confectionary and soft drinks industries. It is also responsible for the smell of many
fruits.
Esters
present in oranges
Esters- octyl acetate
responsible for the
smell of the applesE
Esters- methyl butyrate
They are organic bases having an amino (-NH2) functional group. They can
be aliphatic or aromatic. The amine vapors are flammable. They are colorless in the
pure state and have a fishy odor.
Amines
It used in the production of synthetic medicinal, and also
a catalysts and condensing agents in organic synthesis.
alkyl amines
It is an effective emulsifying agents and used in dry cleaning.
Amines-ethanol amine
It is used in compounding of rubber accelerators.
Amines- dimethyamine
It is used in dyes, indicators, photographic
developers and medicinal.
Amines- Aniline
