Functionalist, Strain And Subcultural Theories Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Functionalist, Strain And Subcultural Theories Deck (12)
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1
Q

Durkheim

A

Crime is inevitable because not all are socialised equally and numerous subcultures have diff values.

Crime has 2 roles -

  • boundary maintenance
  • adaption and change
2
Q

Davies

A

Prostituion acts as a safety valve for mens sexual fustration.

3
Q

Cohen (other roles)

A

Crime acts as a warning system. For example, high truancy acts a warning thats theres something wrong with education

4
Q

Criticisms for Durkheim

A
  • no suggestion to how much crime is the right amount

- ignores effects on the victims

5
Q

Merton

A

Strain theory -

As people struggle to reach societal goals, they must turn to illegal ways to obtain them due to this strain, or just conform. There is a ‘pressure to deviate.’

5 responses to the pressure to deviate:

  • conform
  • innovate
  • ritualism
  • retreatism
  • rebellion
6
Q

Criticism of merton

A

Ignores non-utilitarian crimes (no economic gain)

7
Q

Cohen

A

Status frustration

as w/c cant achieve at school, they become frustrated, they resolve this by joining a deviant subculture. This subculture has an ‘alternative status hierachy’, subcultures values are hostility and deviance. The boys in the subculture create their own illegitmae opportunities, casuing crime.

8
Q

Counter for Cohen

A

Assumes that the w/c had m/c values before they rejected them, ignores that maybe they never had those values, and never saw themselves as failures.

9
Q

Cloward and Ohlin

A

not all respond to blocked opp’s by turning to crime as some cant. They say that different areas have different crime opportunities.

  • Criminal
  • Conflict
  • Retreatist
10
Q

Counters for Cloward and Ohlin

A

South - It’s possible to fit into more than one subculture, for example the drug trade is a mix of retreatists and criminal groups.

11
Q

Messner and Rosenfeld

Instituional anomie theory

A

In societies based on the free market and inadequate welfare, crime is inevitable. Due to strain to get money as society is so focused on it.

12
Q

Is Cohen a Subculturalist or a strain theoriest?

A

Subculturalist