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RELIGION SOCIOLOGY > Functionalists: Durkhiem & Religion > Flashcards

Functionalists: Durkhiem & Religion Flashcards

1
Q

What are the studies for Functionalist : DURKHEIM and religion?

A
  • Durkheim: Totemism
  • ## Durkheim: collective conscience
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2
Q

What is totem according to Durkheim?

A

An object that has a deep symbolic significance

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3
Q

What does Toteism represent according to Durkheim?

A

Represents the most elementary form of religion

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4
Q

What property does Totemism have ?

A

Divine property

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5
Q

How does Durkheim define religion ?

A

In terms of distinction between profane and sacred

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6
Q

Why is totemism sacred ?

A
  • Symbolic representation of group itself
  • stands for values of community
  • worshipping totemism is worshipping their society
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7
Q

By totemism bring sacred what does it do for individuals?

A

Individuals is temporarily elevated from their normal profane to a higher level

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8
Q

By totemism being sacred , for individuals being elevated to a higher level what can they recognise ?

A

Can recognise divine influence or gods

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9
Q

According to Durkheim collective conscience what did he say a social life was impossible without ?

A

A social life is impossible without shares values and moral beliefs that form a collective conscience

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10
Q

According to Durkheim: collective conscience what is collective conscience?

A

United value consensus

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11
Q

According to Durkheim collective conscience, without collective conscience what will happen ?

A

No social order , social control or social solidarity

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12
Q

What are the two ways religion reinforces collective conscience ?

A

1.) collective worship
2.) beliefs in gods/spirits originated from souls of dead ancestors

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13
Q

Durkheim : collective conscience

What is collective worship ?

A

Social groups come together to express their faith in common values and beliefs

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14
Q

Durkheim: collective worship

How do social groups express their faith in collective worship ?

A

In common values and beliefs

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15
Q

Durkheim: social solidarity

What does collective worship promote ?

A

Solidarity and unity of society is strengthened

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16
Q

Durkheim: collective conscience

What unites members of society according to collective worship?

A

Express , communicate and understand moral bonds which unites them

17
Q

Durkheim : collective conscience

According to beliefs in gods/spirits originated from a belief in souls of our dead ancestors , where did beliefs in gods and spirits originate from ?

A

From belief in ancestoral spirits from dead relatives

18
Q

Durkheim: collective conscience

According to beliefs in gods/spirits originated from a belief in souls of our dead ancestors , what is worship of gods equal to ?

A

Worship of gods = worship of ancestors soul

19
Q

Durkheim: collective conscience

According to beliefs in gods/spirits originated from a belief in souls of our dead ancestors : what do souls of ancestors represent ?

A

The presence of social value of modesty , compassion, faith and forgiveness

20
Q

Durkheim; collective conscience

According to beliefs in gods/spirits originated from a belief in souls of our dead ancestors : various souls equal what ?

A

Various social values

21
Q

Durkheim: collective conscience

According to beliefs in gods/spirits originated from a belief in souls of our dead ancestors : worshipping of what ?

A

Worshipping of social group

22
Q

Durkheim; collective conscience

According to beliefs in gods/spirits originated from a belief in souls of our dead ancestors : what does it recognise?

A

Recognising importance of social group and dependence on it

23
Q

Durkheim : collective conscience

According to beliefs in gods/spirits originated from a belief in souls of our dead ancestors : what does religion do ?

A

Strengthens unity of group and promotes solidarity

24
Q

What are the evaluation of Durkheim ?

A
  • are we really worshipping society ?
  • overly positive
  • less applicable to modern society
25
Q

What Durkheim evaluation of are we really worshipping society ?

A
  • View on religion are more relevant to small , non-literate where work lesuire , education and family life tend to merge
26
Q

What is the evaluation of less applicable to modern society ?

A

View are less applicable to modern societies as how can modern religion be worshipping society “ when many religions are concerned about the state of society”

27
Q

What is Durkheim evaluation of overly positive ?

A

Durkheim exaggerates the degree which religion creates a unified collective conscience which shapes the behaviour of individual

28
Q

What are all the functionalist theories for religion ?

A

Durkheim: Totemism
- Durkheim: collective conscience
- Malinowski: religious rituals
Talcott Parsons: religion and value consensus

RELIGION SOCIOLOGY (13 decks)

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