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Applied Pathophysiology > Fundamentals > Flashcards

Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

Body is erect and faces forward with arms to the side and palms facing forward, thumbs to the side. Feet are slightly apart with toes pointing forward.

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2
Q

Anterior

A

Front surface of body or structure

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3
Q

Posterior

A

Back surface of body or structure

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4
Q

Deep

A

Further from the surface

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5
Q

Superficial

A

Close to the surface

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6
Q

Internal

A

Near the inside

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7
Q

External

A

Nearer the outside

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline

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9
Q

Median

A

Mid-line of body

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10
Q

Medial

A

In direction of the mid-line

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11
Q

Superior

A

Located above or towards the upper part of

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12
Q

Inferior

A

Located below or towards the lower part

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13
Q

Proximal

A

Nearest to the point of reference

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14
Q

Distal

A

Furthest away from the point of reference

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15
Q

Prone

A

Laying face down in a horizontal position

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16
Q

Supine

A

Lying face up in a horizontal position

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17
Q

What are the three planes in anatomy?

A

Sagittal, frontal and transverse

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18
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Vertical plane that divides the body or organ vertically into left and right

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19
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

“Median” that runs directly down the middle of the body

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20
Q

Parasagittal plane

A

Vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right sides

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21
Q

Frontal plane

A

Dives body or organ into an anterior portion and posterior portion. Also known as coronal plane

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22
Q

Transverse plane

A

Transverse plane

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23
Q

What are the anatomical regions?

A

Head and neck, Trunk, Upper limbs and Lower limbs

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24
Q

Body cavity

A

Space that contains the internal organs. Can also be filled with air

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25
Q

Cephalic

A

Head

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26
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

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27
Q

Cranial

A

Skull

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28
Q

Frontal

A

Forehead

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29
Q

Occipital

A

Back of head

30
Q

Ophthalmic

A

Eyes

31
Q

Oral

A

Mouth

32
Q

Nasal

A

Nose

33
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

34
Q

Costal

A

Ribs

35
Q

Mammary

A

Breast

36
Q

Pectoral

A

Chest

37
Q

Vertebral

A

Backbone

38
Q

Abdominal

A

Abdomen

39
Q

Gluteal

A

Buttocks

40
Q

Inguinal

A

Groin

41
Q

Lumbar

A

Lower back

42
Q

Pelvic

A

Pelvis/lower part of abdomen

43
Q

Umbilical

A

Navel

44
Q

Perineal

A

Between anus and external genitalia

45
Q

Pubic

A

Pubis

46
Q

Brachial

A

Upper arm

47
Q

Carpal

A

Wrist

48
Q

Cubital

A

Elbow

49
Q

Forearm

A

Lower arm

50
Q

Palmar

A

Palm

51
Q

Digital

A

Fingers and toes

52
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

53
Q

Patellar

A

Front of knee

54
Q

Pedal

A

Foot

55
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of foot

56
Q

Popliteal

A

Hollow behind knee

57
Q

Two main body cavities?

A

Dorsal cavity and ventral cavity

58
Q

Where is the dorsal cavity located?

A

The posterior region of body

59
Q

Where is the ventral cavity located?

A

The anterior region of the trunk

60
Q

Sub-cavities of dorsal cavity

A

Cranial cavity and vertebral/spinal cavity

61
Q

What is the cranial cavity?

A

Encloses the brain and is protected by the cranium (skull)

62
Q

What is the vertebral cavity?

A

Contains the spinal cord and is protected by the vertebrae

63
Q

Sub-cavities of ventral cavity

A

The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

64
Q

What does the thoracic cavity contain?

A

Lungs, heart, trachea, oesophagus, and thymus

65
Q

What surrounds the thoracic cavity?

A

Ribs, muscles and intercostal muscles

66
Q

What separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity?

A

The diaphragm

67
Q

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

A

Stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine and most of large intestine

68
Q

What protects the abdominal cavity?

A

The muscles of the abdominal wall, the diaphragm and ribcage

69
Q

What does the abdominopelvic cavity contain?

A

Urinary bladder, reproductive organs and rectum

70
Q

What protects the pelvic cavity?

A

Bones of the pelvis

Applied Pathophysiology (2 decks)

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