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Italian Wine Scholar Unit 1 > Fundamentals > Flashcards

Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

How many administrative regions (regioni) are there in Italy

A

20

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2
Q

What % of Italy is covered by mountains and hills?

A

77%

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3
Q

What are the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea?

A

Sardegna and Sicilia

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4
Q

What are the two main mountain ranges in Italy?

A

The Alps and the Apennines

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5
Q

What is the highest peak in the Apennines?

A

Massif of Gran Sasso in Abruzzo

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6
Q

What is the highest peak in the Alps?

A

Monte Bianco

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7
Q

What type of soils are the hills of Langhe, Monferrato and Chianti?

A

Sedimentary soils

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8
Q

What type of soils are the hills of Franciacorta and those around Lake Garda (Bardolino)?

A

Morainic soils

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9
Q

What type of soils are the hills of Veneto, Toscana and Campania?

A

Volcanic soils

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10
Q

Which plain is the largest in Italy?

A

Padan Plain

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11
Q

What is often referred to as “the sweet spot” for ideal vineyard land?

A

mid-slope of a hill

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12
Q

What is the orientation of a slope also known as?

A

Aspect

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13
Q

What term is used to refer to vineyards that are cultivated under extremely difficult conditions?

A

Heroic

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14
Q

What term is used to refer to vineyards whose traditional cultivation methods and techniques are tied to a specific place?

A

Historic

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15
Q

What are the four basins of the Mediterranean Sea?

A

Adriatic Sea
Ionian Sea
Tyrrhenian Sea
Ligurian Sea

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16
Q

What river has the tributaries of Tanaro, Dora, Baltea and Sesia rivers?

A

Po River

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17
Q

Limestones, calcareous marls and dolomitic sands are examples of what type of soil?

A

Sedimentary soils

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18
Q

What is the term for resulting deposit of sediment (rocks and soils) that was transported by a glacier?

A

Moraine

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19
Q

What type of soil is schist or gneiss?

A

Metamorphic soil

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20
Q

What type of climate is characterised by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters?

A

Mediterranean climate

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21
Q

What type of climate has warm summers and cold winters with large diurnal and annual temperature variations?

A

Continental climate

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22
Q

What is the name for winds that are warm and dry and descend on the leeward side of a mountain after the condensation of water vapour on the windward side?

A

Foehn winds

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23
Q

What wind is also known as the Greco?

A

The Bora

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24
Q

Which wind blows from the north, bringing cold air from the Alps?

A

Tramontana

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25
Which wind blows through the spring into autumn and brings warm, dry air from the Sahara Desert?
Scirocco
26
What wind is a westerly one?
Ponente
27
What is the most-planted red grape in Italy?
Sangiovese
28
What is the most planted white grape in Italy?
Glera
29
What white grape is native to the Roero Hills?
Arneis
30
What is the white grape of Gavi in Piemonte?
Cortese
31
What is the primary white grape of western Veneto?
Garganega
32
Moscato Bianco is known commonly around the world as what?
Muscat Blanc á Petits Grains
33
Which white grape's traditional home is the area of Collio, around the town of Oslavia?
Ribolla Gialla
34
What grape is known as Ugni Blanc in France?
Trebbiano Toscana
35
What grape is also known as Traminer Aromatico?
Gewürztraminer
36
Which aromatic red variety likely comes from Acqui Terme in Piemonte?
Brachetto
37
What indigenous Valle d'Aosta red grape is also known as Picciourouzo?
Petit Rouge
38
What is the primary red grape of Valpolicella and Bardolino?
Corvina
39
How long after bud break does flowering typically happen?
6 to 9 weeks
40
Why are green harvests undertaken?
To limit yields
41
Typically how long after véraison are grapes picked?
45 days
42
What is the name of the application used to combat downy mildew?
Bordeaux Mixture (copper sulfate application)
43
What is the name of the Asian fruit fly that has threatened European vineyards?
Drosophila suzukii
44
Which two varieties from Langhe have been particularly affected by Flavescence dorée?
Barbera and Dolcetto
45
What is the name of the vine affliction that results in poor fruit set after cloudy, wet weather?
Coulure
46
Who introduced the first type of high-training systems for the vine?
The Etruscans
47
48
Which vine-training system could be considered as an early example of overhead vine training?
Alberata
49
Which pergola vine-training system uses an inclined arm?
Pergola Trentina
50
Which two high vine-training systems are commonly in use in Emilia-Romagna?
Sylvoz and Geneva Double Curtain
51
What is the name of the common long, cane-pruned training system that has been used in Italy, with all its variants, for centuries?
Guyot
52
What is the name of the fungus-resistant hybrids that are being experimented with to address climate change?
PIWI (pilzwiderstandsfähig)
53
What vessels were Italian red wines traditionally aged in?
Slavonian oak or chestnut casks (botti)
54
Which traditional white winemaking practice was largely abandoned in the 1970s?
Allowing skin contact
55
The great majority of Italian sparkling wines are made by what method?
Tank method
56
Asti DOCG and Prosecco DOCG are made by what method?
Tank method
57
Traditional method sparkling wines of Italy typically have more or less dosage than Champagne?
Less dosage
58
The trend to use amphora began in the 2000s due to which Colio winemaker?
Josko Gravner
59
What is the Italian term for aging on lees?
Sui lieviti aging
60
In autolysis, what is released to result in a creamy texture?
Mannoproteins
61
What technique is used in white winemaking to better integrate lactic flavours often created by MLF?
Lees stirring (bâtonnage)
62
What are four common fining agents?
Bentonite, Gelatin, Egg whites, Casein
63
64
What is the name of the technique of partially drying grapes after harvest to concentrate sugars, acids, and flavor?
Appassimento
65
What are the two methods used to make rosato wines?
Direct press and bleeding the tank (salasso)
66
Who is creditted with pioneering the method to make sparkling wine, that we now call the tank method?
Federico Martinotti
67
What is the alcohol level of a finished wine made by Asti method?
7 - 9.5%
68
Which two categories of Italian wines fit in the EU category of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)?
DOC and DOCG
69
What is the name of the seal with a unique alphanumeric code on an Italian wine bottle that ensures authenticity?
Fascetta or sigillo
70
What term refers to the original and historic winegrowing area within a DOCG or DOC?
Classico
71
What is the official new name for Menzioni Geografica Aggiuntiva (MGA)?
Unità Geografica Aggiuntiva (UGA)
72
If grape variety or vintage is on the label of an IGT wine, what proportion of the grapes must be that grape or of that vintage?
85%
73
If a wine is labeled as just Vini, which seven grape varieties can be displayed on the label?
Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc, Syrah, and Cabernet
74
What is the name of the voluntary organization formed by producers, co-operatives, and merchants of a DOC or DOCG?
Consorzio
75
What is the name of the official legal document behind the regulations of a DOC, DOCG, or IGT?
Disciplinare di produzione
76
Which were not one of Italy's ancient indigenous tribes?
The Phoenicians
77
The Etruscans are closely associated with which vine-training methods?
Vite maritata all’albero
78
Comuni are?
Administrative divisions analogous to municipalities
79
What is the name of the period of political and civil rebirth that began around 1815?
Risorgimento
80
The eastern coastline of Italy is bordered by?
The Adriatic Sea
81
Which region is least well-known for its vineyards on volcanic soils?
Lombardia
82
Turbiana is also known as?
Trebbiano di Lugana
83
Esca is?
A grapevine trunk disease

Italian Wine Scholar Unit 1 (9 decks)

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