Fundamentals of Chemistry Flashcards
(24 cards)
Definiion of isotopes
diff. atomic form of same element w. same no. protons and diff. no. protons
definition of re. atomic mass
weighted mean mass of atom of elements rel. to 1/12 of C12 atom
what does weighted mean?
takes all diff. isotopes into account rel. to 1/12 of c12 atom
binary compound definition
only two element
what is a polyatomic ion?
ion w. multiple ions(OH-, NH4+, ETC)
what is NO2 1- ?
NITRITE ION
WHAT IS HCO3 2- ?
HYDROGEN CARBONATE ION
WHAT IS MnO4 2- ?
Manganate(VII)
WHAT’S SO3 2- ?
SULPHITE ION
WHAT’S Cr2O7 2- ?
DICHROMATE(VI) ION
WHAT’S PO4 3- ?
PHOSPHATE ION
WHAT ARE THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ISOTOPES?
HEAVIER, HIGHER DENSITY + HIGHER M.P/B.P
WHAT ARE THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ISOTOPES?
V. SIMILAR W. SAME NO. OF E- IN OUTER SHELL
WHAT’S MASS SPECTOMETRY?
MEASURES NUMBER OF ISOTOPES IN SAMPLE OF AN ELEMENT?
WHAT IS THE GRAPH OF MASS SPECTOMETRY CALLED?
MASS SPECTRUM - X AXIS(M/S - AKA REL. ATOMIC MASS + Y AXIS - % OF ABUNDANCE OF EACH ISOTOPE)
WHAT IS DEFINITION OF AVOGADRO’S CONSTANT?
NUMBER OF ENTITIES PRESENT PER MOLECULE OF SUBSTANCE
STOICHIOMETRY MEANING?
FINDING OUT MOLES OF STUFF THRU PROPORTIONS BETWEEN REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS
WHAT’S THE IDEAL GAS EQUATION USED FOR?
USED TO CALCULATE MORE ACCURATE IDEA OF VOLUME OF GAS PER MOLE RATHER THAN 24DM^3
WHAT IS THE IDEAL GAS EQUATION?
P(PRESSURE IN PASCALS)V(VOLUME IN M^3) = N(MOLES) * R(UNIVERSAL GAS CONSTANT = 8.314)T(TEMP IN KELVIN)
HOW TO CONVERT BETWEEN CELCIUS AND KELVIN?
KELVIN = CELCIUS + 273.5
WATER OF CRYSTALLISATION MEANING?
Calculates amnt of water needed to evaporate from hydrated salt to make it anhydrous + to calculate ratio of water to salt
WHAT EQUIPMEMT IS NEEDED FOR WATER OF CRYSTALLISATION EXPERIMENT?
HYDRATED SALT, CRUCIBLE + LID, BUNSEN BURNER, TRIPOD AND GAUZE, WEIGHING SCALE AND TONGS
WHAT IS THE PROCDURE FOR WATER OF CRYSTALLISATION REACTION?
Weigh hydrated salt = measure mass of empty crucible + lid, then add known mass of salt and measure combined mass
Heat salt = put crucible on tripod + heat over bunsen burner with ½ open air hole. Continue heating - use tongs to lift lid slightly to let out vapour.
Cool and weigh
Repeat heating = until constant mass
