Fundamentals Of Computer Flashcards
(556 cards)
1
Q
What is the origin of the word “computer”?
A
The Latin word “computare” meaning “to calculate”
2
Q
What is a computer?
A
An electronic device that processes data and provides output
3
Q
What are the three main functions of a computer?
A
Computer can store retrieve and manipulate tremendous amount of data.
4
Q
Who introduced the word “computer” in 1613?
A
Richard Braithwaite
5
Q
What was the first calculating machine?
A
The Abacus
6
Q
Where was the Abacus developed?
A
Babylonia
7
Q
What material was the Abacus made of?
A
Wooden rods and beads
8
Q
What did people use for calculations before the Abacus?
A
Fingers, toes or small pebbles
9
Q
Who invented Napier’s Bones?
A
John Napier
10
Q
When was John Napier born and when did he die?
A
Born in 1550 and died on April 16 17 at the age of 66 or 67
11
Q
What was the purpose of Napier’s Bones?
A
To perform quick and accurate multiplication
12
Q
Who invented Pascaline?
A
Blaise Pascal
13
Q
At what age did Blaise Pascal invent Pascaline?
A
19
14
Q
What was another name for Pascaline?
A
Pascal’s Adder
15
Q
What operations could Pascaline perform?
A
Addition and subtraction
16
Q
Who developed the first mechanical computer?
A
Charles Babbage
17
Q
What was Charles Babbage’s first automated calculating machine called?
A
Difference Engine
18
Q
What was the purpose of the Difference Engine?
A
To calculate tables of numbers and provide a hard copy
19
Q
Who is known as the “Father of Modern Digital Computer”?
A
Charles Babbage
20
Q
Who was the first computer programmer?
A
Ada Lovelace
21
Q
For What did Ada Lovelace develop a program ?
A
The Difference Engine
22
Q
What was the first general-purpose computer planned by Babbage?
A
Analytical Engine
23
Q
What components did the Analytical Engine include?
A
ALU, basic flow control ,punch cards for input and integrated memory. Charles used brass years to build the analytical engine powered by steam engine
24
Q
Why did Babbage fail to complete the Analytical Engine?
A
Technology was not advanced enough
25
Who developed a machine for the US census in 1890?
Herman Hollerith
26
What company did Herman Hollerith found?
IBM (International Business Machines)
27
What storage method did Hollerith's machine use?
Punch cards
28
How did Hollerith’s machine impact census operations?
It was faster and saved millions of dollars
29
Complete the equation: Computer = __ + Processing + Output
Input
30
Complete the equation: Pascaline = __ + Subtraction
Addition
31
Complete the equation: Analytical Engine = __ + Control Flow + Punch Cards
ALU
32
Complete the equation: IBM = __ + Business + Machines
International
33
True or False: The Abacus was invented in China.
False
34
True or False: John Napier invented logarithms.
True
35
True or False: Pascaline could perform multiplication.
False
36
True or False: Charles Babbage successfully built the Analytical Engine.
False
37
True or False: Ada Lovelace wrote the first computer program.
True
38
True or False: Herman Hollerith's machine used vacuum tubes.
False
39
What is a punch card?
A card used for storing data using holes
40
What does ALU stand for?
Arithmetic Logic Unit
41
Why is Charles Babbage important in computing history?
He designed the first mechanical computer
42
What is the function of the Difference Engine?
To perform automated calculations
43
How did the Analytical Engine differ from the Difference Engine?
It was designed for general-purpose computing
44
What was the impact of Hollerith’s punch card system?
It revolutionized data processing
45
What is the significance of Ada Lovelace’s work?
She developed the first computer program
46
Why was Babbage unable to complete the Analytical Engine?
The technology of the time was insufficient
47
Who completed a small portion of the Analytical Engine in 1910?
Henry Babbage
48
How many generations of computers are known till date?
Five
49
What is the main factor distinguishing different computer generations?
Hardware technology
50
What was the first generation of computers based on?
Vacuum tubes
51
When did the first generation of computers exist?
1946-1959
52
What was the role of vacuum tubes in first-generation computers?
They were used for memory and CPU circuitry
53
Properties of vacuum tubes?
They will loss and size record large amount of electricity they were easily fused during installation.
54
What was the first computer used in the first generation?
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)
55
What type of operating system was used in the first generation?
Batch operating system
56
What were the requirements of first generation?
Punch cards, I/0 devices magnetic tapes, paper tapes we required in the situation
57
What were the main characteristics of first-generation computers?
Vacuum tubes
58
What are examples of first-generation computers?
ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC, IBM-701,IBM-650
59
What was a major disadvantage of vacuum tubes?
They were fragile and easily fused during installation
60
Why were first-generation computers non-portable?
They were large and required a lot of electricity
61
What was the main problem with heat generation in first-generation computers?
They needed air conditioning to prevent overheating
62
Complete the equation: First Generation = __ + High Electricity Consumption + Large Size
Vacuum Tubes
63
Complete the equation: ENIAC = First Generation + __
Batch Operating System
64
Complete the equation: First Generation Computers = ENIAC + __ + IBM-701
EDVAC
65
True or False: Henry Babbage completed the full Analytical Engine in 1910.
False
66
True or False: Computer generations are based only on software improvements.
False
67
True or False: Vacuum tubes were used in the first generation of computers.
True
68
True or False: ENIAC was the first electronic computer used in the first generation.
True
69
True or False: First-generation computers were energy-efficient.
False
70
True or False: The first-generation computers used batch operating systems.
True
71
What is a vacuum tube?
An electronic component used for processing and memory in first-generation computers
72
Why did first-generation computers require air conditioning?
They generated a lot of heat due to vacuum tubes
73
What is the significance of ENIAC in computing history?
It was the first electronic general-purpose computer
74
What were the limitations of first-generation computers?
Large size
75
Why were first-generation computers expensive?
They used thousands of vacuum tubes and required a lot of electricity
76
How did input methods evolve from first-generation computers?
From punch cards and paper tapes to modern storage devices
77
What was the main technological advancement in the second generation of computers?
Transistors
78
When did the second generation of computers exist?
(1959-1965)
79
What was the advantage of transistors over vacuum tubes?
They were smaller
80
How many vacuum tubes could one transistor replace?
About 40
81
Where was the transistor invented?
Bell Labs (1947)
82
What programming languages were introduced in the second generation?
COBOL and FORTRAN
83
What type of operating systems were used in the second generation?
Multiprogramming and batch processing
84
What were the main characteristics of second-generation computers?
Transistors
85
What are examples of second-generation computers?
IBM 1620
IBM 7095
CDC 3600
UNIVAC 1108
86
What replaced transistors in the third generation of computers?
Integrated Circuits (ICs)
87
Who invented the integrated circuit (IC)?
Jack Kilby
88
When did the third generation of computers exist?
(1965-1971)
89
What were the advantages of ICs over transistors?
Smaller size
90
What type of operating systems were used in the third generation?
Time-sharing and multiprogramming
91
What high-level languages were used in the third generation?
FORTRAN, COBOL, PASCAL, BASIC & ALGOL
92
What were the main characteristics of third-generation computers?
ICs
93
What are examples of third-generation computers?
IBM-360 series
Honeywell-6000 series
PDP (personal data processor )
IBM - 370 / 168
94
What major component was introduced in the fourth generation of computers?
Microprocessor
95
When did the fourth generation of computers exist?
(1971 – 1980)
96
What were the advantages of microprocessors?
Faster
97
What type of operating systems were used in the fourth generation?
Time-sharing, real time networks and distributed software.
98
What high-level languages were used in the fourth generation?
C, C++
99
What technological developments occurred in the fourth generation?
Internet invention
100
What were the main characteristics of fourth-generation computers?
VLSI
101
What are examples of fourth-generation computers?
STAR 1000
PDP 11
cray - 1 (supercomputer)
102
True or False: Transistors consumed more power than vacuum tubes.
False
103
True or False: COBOL and FORTRAN were introduced in the second generation.
True
104
True or False: Integrated Circuits were larger than transistors.
False
105
True or False: Jack Kilby invented the transistor.
False
106
True or False: The third generation of computers introduced BASIC as a high-level language.
True
107
True or False: The microprocessor was introduced in the fourth generation.
True
108
What is a transistor?
A semiconductor device used in second-generation computers
109
What is an integrated circuit (IC)?
A small electronic chip containing transistors
110
Why were ICs better than transistors?
They were smaller
111
What is a microprocessor?
A single-chip processor that replaced ICs in fourth-generation computers
112
How did operating systems evolve across generations?
From batch processing to time-sharing and real-time networking
113
What were the benefits of fourth-generation computers?
Smaller size,
Less expensive, portable, pipeline processing, no AC required, internet invention, networks development, affordability of computers
114
What does VLSI stand for?
Very Large Scale Integration
115
What was the main technological advancement in the fifth generation of computers?
ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) microprocessors
116
When did the fifth generation of computers start?
1980-Present
117
What replaced VLSI microprocessors in the fifth generation?
ULSI microprocessors
118
How many electronic components are in ULSI microprocessors?
Ten million
119
What major software development was included in the fifth generation?
Artificial Intelligence (AI), parallel processing neural networks expert systems natural language processing.
120
What advancements were made in the fifth generation?
Parallel processing and artificial intelligence
121
What devices are examples of fifth-generation computers?
Desktop
Laptop
Notebook
Tablets
Smartphone
122
What are the three main types of computers?
Analog, digital and hybrid computers
123
What do analog computers process?
Variable continuous stream of data
124
How do analogue computers work?
Analogue computer is directly accept data input in the measuring device without converting into machine Code
125
What are examples of analog computers?
Speedometer comma barometer, Mercury thermometer, voltmeter
126
How do digital computers process data?
Using discrete signals and converting data into machine code.
127
What number system do digital computers use?
Binary (0,1)
128
How do digital computers work?
You show computers except raw data from input devices stores in memory processes the data and then provide the information using output. They work on binary digits
129
What are examples of digital computers?
Supercomputer, mainframe computers mini computer is microcomputers.
130
What is a hybrid computer?
A combination of analog and digital computers
131
How does hybrid computer work?
Measuring Device typical hybrid computer accepts analogue signals converts them to distinct and processes them industrial form as it has memory precision like distal computers and speed like analogue computer.
132
True or False: VLSI was introduced in the fifth generation of computers.
False
133
True or False: ULSI microprocessors contain ten million electronic components.
True
134
True or False: AI is a key feature of the fifth generation of computers.
True
135
True or False: Digital computers are faster than analog computers.
False
136
True or False: Hybrid computers only use binary code.
False
137
What is VLSI?
Very Large Scale Integration
138
What is ULSI?
Ultra Large Scale Integration
139
What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) in computing?
Software that enables computers to think like humans
140
What is Natural Language Processing (NLP)?
A branch of AI that helps computers understand and process human language
141
What is parallel processing?
A technology that allows multiple processes to run simultaneously
142
What is a digital computer?
A computer that processes discrete data using binary code
143
What is a hybrid computer?
A computer that combines the features of analog and digital computers
144
What are the key differences between analog and digital computers?
Analog computers process continuous data while dister computer process discrete data by using discrete signals.
145
What are the characteristics of the fifth generation of computers?
ULSI microprocessors
146
What are the four classifications of digital computers?
Mainframe, supercomputers,minicomputers and micro computers
147
What are smartphones classified as?
A type of digital computer
148
What is a mainframe computer?
A large size faster and an expensive computer that can handle thousands of user simultaneously it executives many programs concurrently and support many concurrent users.
149
Where are mainframe computers commonly used?
Used and beg organisations hospitals airline companies stock exchange companies for the processing of huge amount of data
150
What is the main difference between a mainframe and a supercomputer?
Mainframes run parallel programs at a time where as supercomputer runs one program at a time but in fastest speed than mainframe.
151
What is a minicomputer?
A mid-range computer
152
Where are minicomputers used?
Small businesses, educational institute and companies
153
Are minicomputers still used today?
No
154
What is another name for a microcomputer?
Personal Computer (PC)
155
What technology do microcomputers use?
Microprocessor technology
156
What are common uses of microcomputers?
Word processing, accounting, desktop publishing, and for running spreadsheet and data management applications
157
How are microcomputers used in communication?
By connecting them in a network
158
What are the different types of microcomputers?
Desktop computer is, notebook computer, laptops and palmtop
159
True or False: Smartphones are a type of analog computer.
False
160
True or False: A hybrid computer converts analog signals into digital signals.
True
161
True or False: Mainframe computers are used in homes for personal tasks.
False
162
True or False: Minicomputers are widely used today.
False
163
True or False: Microcomputers are based on microprocessor technology.
True
164
What is a workstation?
A type of digital computer designed for technical and scientific applications
165
What are the key features of a microcomputer?
Personal computer is small and cheap one user at a time uses single chip based on microprocessor technology is
166
Why are microcomputers widely used?
They are affordable
167
How do microcomputers support communication?
They can connect to networks for data sharing and communication
168
What are some examples of cutting-edge technologies?
Smartwatch, quantum computers 3D printer, biometric scanner, password less authentications
169
What is a smartwatch?
A wearable digital computer with a touchscreen that performs tasks beyond timekeeping
170
What features do smartwatches have?
Mobile apps, mobile operating systems, connectivity of Wi-Fi, GPS and Bluetooth it also has has related apps like heartbeat monitoring, sleep monitoring step calculating also fingerprint recognition
171
What is a quantum computer?
A computer that uses quantum particles to perform complex tasks faster than traditional computers
172
What fields can quantum computing improve?
Cybersecurity, internet of things,nanotechnology, medicines and material science
173
Which quantum computer is well-known?
D-Wave quantum computer
174
Who invented the 3D printer?
Chuck Hull in 1984
175
What does a 3D printer do?
Creates physical objects from digital models using layered materials
176
How is 3D printing used in archaeology?
It recreates ancient artifacts lost over time
177
What is biometric authentication?
A method of identification based on biological features
178
What are examples of biometric authentication?
Fingerprint recognition
179
Why is biometric authentication more secure than passwords?
Because biological features are unique to each person
180
What are some other biometric scans?
Hand
181
True or False: Smartwatches can only tell time.
False
182
True or False: Quantum computers are slower than supercomputers.
False
183
True or False: 3D printing is commonly used in medicine.
True
184
True or False: Biometric authentication can include face recognition.
True
185
True or False: Password-based security is more secure than biometric authentication.
False
186
What makes a smartwatch different from a regular watch?
It has advanced digital functions like mobile apps and health tracking
187
How does a quantum computer work?
It uses quantum particles to process data at a much higher speed
188
Why is 3D printing useful in biotechnology?
It helps create prosthetics and medical implants
189
How does biometric authentication work?
It scans a person’s unique biological features for secure identification
190
Why is biometric authentication becoming popular?
It is more secure and harder to break than passwords
191
What is the role of computers in education?
They provide facilities like Computer-Based Education (CBE)
192
What does CBE stand for?
Computer-Based Education
193
What is the purpose of CBE?
It includes control delivery and analysis of learning process in students.
194
How many hours do university students spend web surfing for knowledge?
4-5 hours a week
195
What are some healthcare uses of computers?
Keeping patient records
196
How is the internet used in business?
As a marketing tool
Budget estimation
Analysis of sales
Financial database
Online business training
Managing employee database
197
What is the role of computers in defence?
Used for communication
Military planning and operation
This is weapons
Controlling automated aircrafts
Intercontinental ballistic missiles that use GPS for target in missiles
Designing interesting of new equipment
Relations and trainings
198
What missile system uses computers for targeting?
Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) using GPS
199
What is the role of computers in media?
Used for newspapers
Typing and designing newspapers
video making and editing animated movies
blogging use
Video conferencing
200
How does the government use computers?
For budget analysis, weather forecasting census record of population ratio and records of voters list
201
What are the main applications of computers in banking?
Online account access, online transaction bank statement and ATM facility
202
True or False: CBE helps deliver and analyze the learning process.
True
203
True or False: Computers are not useful in healthcare.
False
204
True or False: Online business training is not possible using computers.
False
205
True or False: Computers are used in missile targeting.
True
206
True or False: Computers are not used in media for video making and editing.
False
207
Why are computers important in business?
They increase accuracy
208
How do computers help in defence training?
They provide simulations and advanced digital planning
209
Why is online banking important?
It allows easy account access
210
How do computers help in weather forecasting?
They analyze climate data and predict weather conditions
211
What does CAD stand for?
Computer-Aided Designing
212
What does CAM stand for?
Computer-Aided Manufacturing
213
What industries use CAD and CAM?
Automobile manufacturing
214
What are the responsibilities of a software engineer?
Software engineer uses software engineering for programming testing in development of software. Planning designing and continue development maintenance of software application
215
Who is responsible for coding
Programmer
216
What is another term for a programmer?
Coder or Developer
217
Who researches and recommends software and systems?
System Analyst
218
What are the main duties of a system analyst?
Configuring
219
Who designs and tests computer hardware?
Hardware Engineer
220
What does a network administrator do?
Deploys, configuring maintenance monitoring securing and operating of a network
221
What is the role of a database administrator?
Allows the user to create design manipulate retreat restore and repair information of an organisation database
222
Who designs the layout of websites?
Web Designer
223
What are multimedia designers responsible for?
Creating content for web
224
What is the role of an information security analyst?
Protects networks and information from cyber threats
225
What does a computer teacher do?
Teaches computer fundamentals and software/hardware
226
What are the physical parts of a computer called?
Hardware
227
What are examples of input devices?
Keyboard, mouse joystick touch screen light pen webcam scanner barcode reader microphone etc
228
What is the standard keyboard layout?
QWERTY
229
How many keys does a standard keyboard have?
More than 100 (air includes function keys special keys an Americans direction keys)
230
Who invented the mouse?
Douglas Engelbart
231
When was the mouse invented?
1963
232
What was the mouse originally called?
X-Y Position Indicator
233
What are the two main buttons on a mouse?
Left-click and Right-click
234
What is the built-in mouse on a laptop called?
Touchpad
235
True or False: CAD is used for manufacturing.
False
236
True or False: A programmer is responsible for coding and debugging.
True
237
True or False: A hardware engineer does not work with circuit boards.
False
238
True or False: A database administrator is responsible for website layout.
False
239
True or False: The mouse was introduced in 1963.
True
240
Why is CAD important in industries?
It helps design complex products efficiently
241
How does a network administrator secure a network?
By configuring security measures and monitoring threats
242
What are the main tasks of a computer teacher?
Teaching computer fundamentals
243
Why is a QWERTY keyboard layout common?
It is the standard layout for ease of typing
244
What makes a touchpad different from a mouse?
It is built into laptops and does not require external connection
245
How can modern keyboard and mouse be connected?
Keyboard can be connected through USB port and mouse can be connected via USB port to
246
Who invented joystick and where?
It was invented in naval research laboratory by CB mirick
247
What is a joystick
It is a pointing the voice for the vertical liver mounted on a base used for computer games controlling a machine.
248
"Arithmetic and Logic Unit"
249
"Control Unit"
250
"ALU"
251
"It directs and coordinates most operations in the processor"
252
"ARM CPUs"
253
"False"
254
"16
32
255
"1970s
Frank Beck and Bent Stumpe"
256
"True"
257
"It detects light from the screen and is used for drawing or selecting text"
258
"Barcode Reader"
259
"Emile Berliner
1877"
260
"True"
261
"Converts an image of text into an editable text file"
262
"Motherboard"
263
"Motherboard"
264
"False"
265
"Case
system box
266
"A motherboard is the main circuit board
while a daughterboard is an expansion board connected to it."
267
"To store data permanently"
268
"Circular disks where data is stored electronically"
269
"False"
270
"A portable external hard disk with a USB port"
271
"Memory"
272
"Hard disk
Compact disk"
273
"ARM CPU"
274
"False"
275
"Webcam"
276
"True"
277
"Webcam"
278
"RAM"
279
"Reads text or images and converts them into digital form"Question
Answer
280
"Compact Disc"
281
"4.75 inches in diameter"
282
"Using laser beams"
283
"True"
284
"Solid-State Drive"
285
"Secure Digital (SD) card"
286
"Digital cameras
mobile phones
287
"False"
288
"To store and transfer data"
289
"Through a USB interface"
290
"False"
291
"Google Drive
OneDrive
292
"A hardware component that displays information to a user"
293
"VDT (Video Display Terminal) or VDU (Video Display Unit)"
294
"Soft copy"
295
"False"
296
"Resolution
dot pitch
297
"The sharpness and clarity of an image"
298
"Pixels per inch (ppi)"
299
"CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)"
300
"CRT monitor"
301
"LCD monitor"
302
"An output device that produces text and graphics on physical media like paper"
303
"Hard copy"
304
"Because it exists physically"
305
"Pages per minute (ppm)"
306
"Dots per inch (dpi)"
307
"Impact and non-impact printers"
308
"False"
309
"Laser printer"Question
Answer
310
"A sophisticated printer used to produce vector graphics"
311
"True"
312
"Pen plotters and electrostatic plotters"
313
"Speaker"
314
"Sound card"
315
"True"
316
"Projects computer information onto a screen
wall
317
"Holding data
instructions
318
"True"
319
"Bit (Binary Digit)"
320
"8 bits"
321
"1024 bytes"
322
"1024 KB"
323
"1024 MB"
324
"1024 GB"
325
"1024 TB"
326
"A unique number identifying the location of a byte in memory"
327
"Random-Access Memory"
328
"Volatile"
329
"It is lost"
330
"True"
331
"Randomly instead of sequentially"
332
"A small circuit board inserted into the motherboard"
333
Who invented the joystick?
C. B. Mirick
334
When was the joystick patented?
1926
335
Where was the joystick invented?
Naval Research Laboratory, USA
336
What is a joystick mainly used for?
Computer games and flight simulators
337
Which port is commonly used to connect joysticks to modern computers?
USB port
338
Who invented the first touchscreen?
Frank Beck and Bent Stumpe
339
When was the first touchscreen developed?
1970s
340
What is the purpose of a touchscreen?
Allows users to interact using fingers or a stylus
341
Where are touchscreens commonly used?
ATMs, kiosks, stores, airports, museums
342
Who commonly used light pens in early computers?
Graphic terminals like IBM 2250
343
Why are light pens no longer commonly used?
Replaced by touchscreens
344
What is a webcam used for?
Capturing photos and live video
345
Where is a webcam usually located in a laptop?
Built-in above the screen
346
Who invented the scanner?
Russell Kirsch
347
When was the scanner invented?
1957
348
What is the function of a scanner?
Converts text or images into digital form
349
What is another name for a barcode reader?
Point of Sale (POS) scanner
350
What does a barcode reader do?
Reads barcodes and inputs product details
351
Where are barcode readers commonly used?
Supermarkets, stores, libraries
352
Who invented the microphone?
Emile Berliner
353
When was the microphone invented?
1877
354
What does the system unit contain?
CPU, motherboard, hard drive, RAM
355
What was the first motherboard called?
Planar
356
Which company introduced the first motherboard?
IBM
357
True or False: A joystick was first invented for video games.
False
358
True or False: The first touchscreen was developed in the 1970s.
True
359
True or False: Light pens are still commonly used in modern computers.
False
360
True or False: A barcode reader is the same as a handheld scanner.
False
361
Why was the joystick originally invented?
For remote piloting aircraft
362
What makes a touchscreen different from a keyboard and mouse?
It is both an input and output device
363
How does a barcode reader help in retail stores?
It scans product barcodes to retrieve details instantly
364
Why are webcams important for online communication?
They allow video conferencing and online chats
365
What is an expansion slot?
"A socket on the motherboard where an expansion card can be inserted."
366
What is the purpose of an expansion slot?
"To add new devices or capabilities to a computer."
367
True or False: Expansion slots allow the CPU to communicate with peripheral devices.
"True"
368
Which expansion slot is used for video cards?
"AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port)"
369
What does PCI stand for?
"Peripheral Component Interconnect"
370
Which expansion slot is used for network cards and sound cards?
"PCI"
371
What is an expansion card?
"A small circuit board inserted into an expansion slot to add functionality."
372
True or False: Expansion cards increase the functionality of a system.
"True"
373
Name three types of expansion cards.
"Network Interface Card
374
What is a riser card used for?
"To install another card at a 90-degree angle in limited space."
375
True or False: Laptops have expansion slots like desktops.
"False"
376
What is required for expanding a laptop's capabilities?
"PC card or external adapters."
377
What are the four basic operations of a computer?
"Input
378
What is the function of the Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU)?
"Performs arithmetic and logical operations."
379
What does CU stand for in a computer system?
"Control Unit"
380
Which unit directs data flow in a computer?
"Control Unit (CU)"
381
True or False: Primary storage is also known as secondary storage.
"False"
382
What is an example of secondary storage?
"Hard drive
383
What is an example of primary storage?
"RAM"
384
Which port is used for wired internet connection?
"RJ-45 (Ethernet) port"
385
True or False: The GPU is a type of expansion card.
"True"
386
Where does an expansion card connect to?
"Expansion slot on the motherboard"
387
Which slot is used to install a new video card?
"AGP or PCI slot"
388
What is another name for an Ethernet port?
"RJ-45 port"
389
What is the main function of the PCI interface?
"To connect expansion cards to the motherboard"Question
390
What is the first operation in a computer system?
"Input Operation"
391
Which operation manipulates data into a useful form?
"Processing Operation"
392
True or False: Storage operation allows users to retain and retrieve data.
"True"
393
Which operation displays the result to the user?
"Output Operation"
394
_____ is a set of instructions that guides the hardware for performing tasks.
"Software"
395
Software acts as an interface between the user and _____.
"Hardware"
396
True or False: A computer can function without software.
"False"
397
Which type of software controls internal computer operations?
"System Software"
398
Which software type carries out necessary operations for a specific function?
"Application Software"
399
Name two major categories of software.
"System Software
400
Give an example of general-purpose software.
"Word Processor
401
Give an example of specific-purpose software.
"Reservation System
402
True or False: System software interacts closely with hardware.
"True"
403
Which software acts as an interface between hardware and applications?
"System Software"
404
Which software is responsible for managing all operations of a computer?
"Operating System"
405
Which software controls hardware devices?
"Device Drivers"
406
Name a type of utility software.
"Antivirus
407
Which system software manages memory and processing?
"Operating System"
408
Which system software is needed to communicate with peripherals?
"Device Drivers"
409
Which software helps secure user accounts and passwords?
"Utility Software"
410
Name an example of an operating system.
"Windows
411
What does a device driver do?
"Controls hardware devices and enables communication with the OS"
412
True or False: Every device needs a separate driver to function.
"False"
413
Which devices do NOT require device drivers?
"Hard Drive
414
What is the function of a language processor?
"Translates programming code into machine language"
415
Name three types of language translators.
"Interpreter
416
Which language translator converts source code line by line?
"Interpreter"
417
Which language translator converts the entire source code at once?
"Compiler"
418
What type of software is needed to develop other software?
"Programming Software"
419
What is an example of an expansion slot?
"PCI
420
What is inserted into an expansion slot?
"Expansion Card"
421
Which expansion slot is used for video cards?
"AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port)"
422
Which expansion slot is used for network cards and sound cards?
"PCI"
423
True or False: Laptops have expansion slots like desktops.
"False"
424
Name two examples of expansion cards.
"Sound Card
425
What are the four basic operations of a computer?
"Input
426
What does ALU stand for?
"Arithmetic and Logic Unit"
427
Which unit directs data flow in a computer?
"Control Unit (CU)"
428
What is the difference between primary and secondary storage?
"Primary storage is temporary (RAM)
429
Which port is used for wired internet?
"RJ-45 (Ethernet) port"
430
What is the role of a compiler?
"Translates source code into machine code all at once"
431
What is the role of an interpreter?
"Translates source code into machine code line by line"
432
What is the role of an assembler?
"Converts assembly language into machine code"
433
What does an operating system manage?
"Memory
434
Which program is the first to load when a computer starts?
"Operating System"
435
Which program provides a platform to run applications?
"Operating System"
436
True or False: Without an operating system, a computer cannot function.
"True"Question
437
What is productivity software?
"A program that helps users solve problems and work efficiently."
438
Give an example of word processing software.
"MS Word
439
Which software is used for handling large amounts of data?
"Database Software"
440
True or False: MS Excel is a spreadsheet software.
"True"
441
Name an example of multimedia software.
"RealPlayer
442
Which software is used to create slideshows?
"Presentation Software"
443
Give an example of business software.
"Accounting packages
444
True or False: Business software helps with entertainment.
"False"
445
What is the purpose of business software?
"To perform business-related tasks like accounting and payroll."
446
Which software is used for managing finances?
"Personal finance software"
447
True or False: Book-keeping software is an example of entertainment software.
"False"
448
Name an example of entertainment software.
"Computer Games
449
What is the purpose of educational software?
"To teach and educate users"
450
Which software is used to track student progress in schools?
"Learning Management System (LMS)"
451
Which software is used for campus-related activities?
"Campus Management System (CMS)"
452
Which software helps with managing classrooms?
"Classroom Management Software"
453
Which software is used for creating books, newspapers, and magazines?
"Desktop Publishing Software"
454
What is the purpose of referencing software?
"To manage citations and references for academic work"
455
True or False: Movie makers are considered entertainment software.
"True"
456
Which type of software is used for payroll management?
"Business Software"
457
Which software category includes Open Source, Shareware, and Freeware?
"Other types of software"
458
What is open-source software?
"Software that allows users to access and modify its source code"
459
What is shareware?
"Software that is free for a limited time but requires payment for full access"
460
What is freeware?
"Software that is free to use without any cost"
461
True or False: Open-source software is free and cannot be modified.
"False"
462
Name a common example of freeware.
"Adobe Acrobat Reader
463
True or False: Shareware is free forever.
"False"
464
Which software is best for writing and formatting documents?
"Word Processing Software"
465
Which software is used for storing and managing large amounts of structured data?
"Database Software"
466
Which software is used for making financial calculations and data analysis?
"Spreadsheet Software"
467
Which software is mainly used for creating presentations?
"Presentation Software"
468
Which category does bookkeeping software fall into?
"Business Software"
469
Which type of software is used for designing and publishing books and newspapers?
"Desktop Publishing Software"
470
Which software is used in schools for managing admissions, staff, and transportation?
"School Management Software"
471
Which software helps in scheduling and tracking school timetables?
"Time Table Software"
472
Which software is used for staff management in schools?
"Staff Management Software"
473
Which software is used for tracking payroll in organizations?
"Payroll Software"
474
Which type of software provides digital entertainment?
"Entertainment Software"
475
Which software is used for watching videos and listening to music?
"Audio/Video Players"
476
Which software is used for managing hostel activities in schools?
"Hostel Management Software"
477
Which software is used in business for managing front office operations?
"Front Office Management Software"
478
Which software is used to track financial transactions in businesses?
"Accounting Software"
479
Which software is used for school admissions and student records?
"Registration Software"
480
Which software is used to manage school transportation?
"Transport Management Software"
481
Which software is used for movie production and video editing?
"Movie Maker Software"Question
482
What is a hard disk?
"A secondary storage device that stores data permanently."
483
True or False: A compact disk (CD) is a flat, round, portable storage device.
"True"
484
What is a plotter used for?
"A sophisticated printer used to produce high-quality graphics."
485
What does a multimedia projector do?
"Projects information from a computer onto a screen for clear viewing."
486
Memory is also known as __________.
"Main memory
487
True or False: ROM is a volatile memory.
"False"
488
What type of memory is RAM?
"A volatile memory that holds data while the computer is on."
489
Memory is measured in __________.
"Bytes"
490
A byte consists of how many bits?
"8"
491
What does processing operation do?
"Converts data into information."
492
What is a port?
"An interface for connecting external devices to the system."
493
Which operation takes data from the user via an input device?
"Input Operation"
494
What does storing operation do?
"Stores data on storage devices for later reading/writing."
495
Output operation shows results to the user on an __________.
"Output device"
496
Software is a set of __________.
"Instructions that guide hardware to perform a task."
497
True or False: System software acts as an interface between the user and the computer.
"True"
498
What is the role of an operating system?
"Controls all hardware and software of a computer and provides a platform for applications."
499
What is a device driver?
"A program that controls a specific type of attached device."
500
Which software provides security functions like password protection and virus protection?
"Utility software"
501
True or False: Application software performs tasks given by the user.
"True"
502
What is the function of language processors?
"Convert high-level language into machine language."
503
What is open-source software (OSS)?
"Software that allows users to study
504
True or False: Open-source software is always paid.
"False"
505
Match the abbreviation: ENIAC
"Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer"
506
Match the abbreviation: EDVAC
"Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer"
507
Match the abbreviation: UNIVAC
"Universal Automatic Computer"
508
Match the abbreviation: VGA
"Video Graphics Array"
509
Match the abbreviation: HDMI
"High-Definition Multimedia Interface"
510
Match the abbreviation: IEEE
"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"
511
Match the abbreviation: ATM
"Automated Teller Machine"
512
Match the abbreviation: GPS
"Global Positioning System"
513
What is a computer?
"An electronic device that processes input data and provides output."
514
Which component was used in first-generation computers?
"Vacuum tubes"
515
What replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation?
"Transistors"
516
Third-generation computers used __________.
"Integrated Circuits (ICs)"
517
Which technology was introduced in the fourth generation?
"Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) microprocessors"
518
Fifth-generation computers are based on __________.
"Artificial intelligence (AI) and Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI)"
519
Who is known as the 'Father of Modern Digital Computer'?
"Charles Babbage"
520
What are analog computers based on?
"Analog signals representing continuous data"
521
True or False: Digital computers use discrete signals.
"True"
522
What is a hybrid computer?
"A combination of digital and analog technologies."
523
Laptops fall under which category?
"Microcomputers"
524
Who finds problems, explores solutions, and recommends software?
"Systems Analyst"
525
Who is responsible for configuring and securing networks?
"Network Administrator"
526
What does a Database Administrator (DBA) do?
"Manages and maintains an organization's database."
527
What is hardware?
"The tangible
528
What is a scanner used for?
"An input device that scans images into a computer."
529
What does a barcode reader do?
"Uses laser beams to read barcodes on products."
530
Where are all the electronic components stored in a computer?
"System unit"
531
What are registers?
"High-speed temporary storage locations inside the CPU."Question
532
What is closed-source software?
"Software that does not allow users to access
533
True or False: Open-source software is free and allows users to modify the source code.
"True"
534
Which of the following is NOT an open-source software? (Linux, Apache, Firefox, Microsoft Word)
"Microsoft Word"
535
What is open-source software?
"Computer software that is available for free with access to source code
536
Examples of open-source software include __________.
"Linux
537
True or False: Open-source software is always developed by a single person.
Question
538
What is a computer?
"An electronic device that accepts data as input
539
True or False: The vacuum tube was used in the First Generation of computers.
"True"
540
In which generation were transistors introduced?
"Second Generation"
541
What replaced transistors in the Third Generation of computers?
"Integrated Circuits (ICs)"
542
What is VLSI and in which generation was it introduced?
"Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) microprocessors
543
Which generation of computers introduced ULSI and artificial intelligence?
"Fifth Generation"
544
Who is considered the 'Father of Modern Digital Computer'?
"Charles Babbage"
545
__________ computers use continuous data and signals.
"Analog"
546
True or False: Digital computers represent data using discrete signals.
"True"
547
What type of computer combines digital and analog technologies?
"Hybrid Computer"
548
Which category does a laptop fall under?
"Microcomputer"
549
What is the role of a Systems Analyst?
"Finds problems
550
Who is responsible for configuring, maintaining, and securing a network?
"Network Administrator"
551
The __________ is responsible for designing, implementing, maintaining, and repairing an organization's database.
"Database Administrator (DBA)"
552
True or False: Hardware refers to the intangible parts of a computer.
"False"
553
What is an input device that scans images and converts them into digital format?
"Scanner"
554
Which device uses laser beams to read bar codes?
"Barcode Reader"
555
Where are all electronic components housed inside a computer?
"System Unit"
556
What are registers used for in a CPU?
"High-speed temporary storage locations for data and instructions."
