Fundamentals Of Computer Organisation And Architecture

Question 1

Processor

Answer 1

Device that carries out computation on data and instructions in order to produce an output

Question 2

Main memory

Answer 2

Stores data and instructions that will be used by the processor

Question 3

Address bus

Answer 3

Used to specify a physical address in memory so that the data bus can access it

Question 4

Data bus

Answer 4

Transfers data between memory and processor

Question 5

Control bus

Answer 5

Controls the flow of data between the processor and other parts of the computer

Question 6

I/O controllers

Answer 6

Handles the flow of data between input and output devices

Question 7

Fetch execute cycle

Answer 7

The continuous process of data movement between main memory and the processor during the running of a program

Question 8

Von Neumann vs Harvard

Answer 8

Harvard - execution of instructions are faster as fetching of code and data are simultaneous (embedded systems like digital signal processing (DSP) systems use Harvard `architecture processors)

Von Neumann - instructions and data have combined memory spaces (used extensively in general purpose computing systems)

Question 9

Concept of addressable memory

Question 10

Stored program concept

Answer 10

Instructions are stored in the main memory. Instructions are then fetched decoded and executed by the processor which allows the program to be moved in and out of the main memory

Question 11

fetch execute cycle

Answer 11

the continuous process of data movement between main memory and the processor during the running of a program

Question 12

processor instruction set

Question 13

immediate addressing

Answer 13

the operand is the datum

Question 14

direct addressing

Answer 14

the operand is the address of the datum