Fungal

Question 1

How does amphoterocine B work?

Answer 1

Binds with ergosterol forming a transmembrane channel that leads to monovalent ion (K+, Na+, H+ and Cl) leakage

Question 2

What are the side effects of amphoterocine B?

Answer 2

Nephrotoxicity
Flu-like symptoms
Hypokalaemia
Hypomagnaseamia

Question 3

What is a aspergilloma?

Answer 3

Fungus that colonises cavity left behind by e.g. TB

Question 4

What investigations should aspergilloma?

Answer 4

Rounded opacity. A crescent sign may be present
High antibody precipitins

Question 5

What is the mechanism of azoles?

Answer 5

Inhibits 14α-demethylase which produces ergosterol

Question 6

What is the mechanism of amphoteric B?

Answer 6

Binds with ergosterol forming a transmembrane channel that leads to monovalent ion (K+, Na+, H+ and Cl) leakage

Question 7

What is the mechanism of terbinafine?

Answer 7

Inhibits squalene epoxidase

Question 8

What is the mechanism of griseofulvin?

Answer 8

Interacts with microtubules to disrupt mitotic spindle

Question 9

What is the mechanism of flucytosine?

Answer 9

Converted by cytosine deaminase to 5-fluorouracil, which inhibits thymidylate synthase and disrupts fungal protein synthesis

Question 10

What is the mechanism of caspofungin?

Answer 10

Inhibits synthesis of beta-glucan, a major fungal cell wall component

Question 11

What is the mechanism of action of nystatin?

Answer 11

Binds with ergosterol forming a transmembrane channel that leads to monovalent ion (K+, Na+, H+ and Cl) leakage