Fungi

Question 1

Father of Indian Mycology is-
1- Anton Butler
2- Sir Edwin
3- Sir Edwin John Debary
4- Sir Edwin John Butler

Answer 1

Sir Edwin John Butler.

Question 2

Father of Mycology.

Answer 2

Anton Debary.

Question 3

How do fungi make their food? Hence, Fungi are ________ _______trophic.

Answer 3

They get their food from others.
Always heterotrophic.

Question 4

True or False:
Fungi are partially prokaryotic. If true state when if false state the true condition.

Answer 4

False. They are always eukaryotic.

Question 5

Fungi are either parasitic or ________.

Answer 5

Saprophytic.

Question 6

Yeast is different from other fungi as it is ________.

Answer 6

Unicellular.

Question 7

The functional unit of fungi are ?

Answer 7

Hyphae.

Question 8

Hyphae are ____________ structures.

Answer 8

Filamentous.

Question 9

Fungi store food in the form of?

Answer 9

Glycogen oils.

Question 10

Cell wall is _________.

Answer 10

Present.

Question 11

Cell wall is made of _________

Answer 11

Chitin.

Question 12

Several organisms under kingdom fungi are primarily classified on the basis of ____________ in ____________.

Answer 12

Reduction, Sexuality.

Question 13

Yeast biological name is?

Answer 13

Saccharomyces cerevisae.

Question 14

True or False.
Yeast has no type of mycelia.

Answer 14

No, it has pseudomycelium that look like mycelia at reproductive stage.

Question 15

Hyphae is _______ filamentous and _________ structure. Network of hyphae is called __________.

Answer 15

long, filamentous and mycelia.

Question 16

Dikaryotic condition is found in which condition of which mycellium? Name the two types of dikaryotic conditions too.

Answer 16

It is found in mulitnucleate multicellular septate mycellia. Dikaryotic condition occurs as either homokaryotic or heterokaryotic.

Question 17

Difference bw septate and aseptate mycellia is the presence of ______ ______.

Answer 17

Cross walls.

Question 18

Septate mycellia are both ______ and _________, while Aseptate mycellia are mostly ________ . This condition in aseptate mycellia is called ______________ ____________.

Answer 18

Unicellular and Multicellular.
Multicellular.
Aseptate Coenocytic.

Question 19

True or False
Binary Fission is Indirect Division.

Answer 19

False. Binary Division is Direct Division and Mitosis is Indirect Division.

Question 20

Prosenchyma and PseudoParenchyma come under which mycellia organisation?

Answer 20

Plectenchyma

Question 21

The four mycellia organisations are ?

Answer 21

1-Plectenchyma
2-Rhizomorph
3-Sclerotia
4-Stroma

Question 22

Loose/compactly interwoven hyphae come under which category ? Of that category specifically compact hyphae come under which category? And what do these hyphae resemble?

Answer 22

Plectenchyma, PseudoParenchyma. They resemble Isodiametric/ Parenchymatus cells.

Question 23

Hyphae loose their individuality in which mycellial organisation?

Answer 23

PseudoParenchyma.

Question 24

Specifically loose hyphae come in?

Answer 24

Prosenchyma.

Question 25

Hyphae that perform the function of roots i.e absorption of water and nutrients come under?

Answer 25

Rhizomorph. Hyphae look like roots.

Question 26

Black/ brown structures that form thick covering around loose hyphae come under ?

Answer 26

Sclerotia.

Question 27

Stroma is a mycellia ____ on which _______ _______ develop.

Answer 27

mat and fruiting bodies.

Question 28

The most common method of reproduction in fungi is? It occurs through?

Answer 28

Asexual Reproduction. Production of Spores.

Question 29

Spores are formed in ___________ Reproduction.

Answer 29

Asexual.

Question 30

The types of vegetative reproduction seen in fungi are ?

Answer 30

Fragmentation, Budding, Fission, Oidia and Chlamydospores.

Question 31

The only types of vegetative reproduction where spores are formed are ?

Answer 31

Oidia and chlamydospores.

Question 32

In yeast which type of reproduction takes place. Name the specification of the said type.

Answer 32

Vegetative reproduction- Fission.

Question 33

True or False. Yeast reproduces through indirect division.

Answer 33

False. Direct i.e Binary Fission.

Question 34

Binary fission is also called __________.

Answer 34

Amitosis.

Question 35

Oidia and chlamydospores are same in the way that they are both _______ that arise from __________ through _____________.

Answer 35

spores, mycellia and fragmentation.

Question 36

Through fragmentation ________ and ___________ arise through mycellia.

Answer 36

Oidia spores and chlamydospores.

Question 37

These spores immediately germinate into new hyphae.

Answer 37

Oidia.

Question 38

Bw chlamydospores and Oidia Thin walled vs thick walled.

Answer 38

Thin is Oidia and thick is chlamydospores.

Question 39

Chlamydospores survive under unfavourable conditions whereas ____________ don’t so they store _____________ unlike the latter.

Answer 39

Oidia and reserve food material.

Question 40

The two types of spores in asexual reproduction are ?

Answer 40

Sporangiospores and Conidiospores.

Question 41

In sporangiospores, spores are formed in __________ structures, whereas in ____________ they are formed on ________ by __________. 1- gemmules, sac, conidiospores, tip of hyphae. 2- sac, conidiospores, tip of mycellia, constriction. 3- sac-like, chlamydospores, tip of mycellia, constriction. 4- sac-like, conidiospores, tip of hyphae, constriction.

Answer 41

4.

Question 42

Sporangiospores is diff than conidiospores as they are ___________.

Answer 42

Endogenous.

Question 43

Conidiospores are either produced _____________ or in _________.

Answer 43

Singly or in chains.

Question 44

Non motile Sporangiospores are also non-______________

Answer 44

flagellated.

Question 45

Zoospores may be ___________ or _____________.

Answer 45

Uniflagellated or Biflagellated.

Question 46

The order of sexual reproduction in fungi is?

Answer 46

Plasmogamy-> Karyogamy-> Meiosis.

Question 47

Karyogamy occurs at a later stage of their life cycle. This is true for? 1- Basidiomycotina and Deuteromycotina 2- Deuteromycotina and Mastigomycotina 3- Ascomycotina and Deuteromycotina 4- Ascomycotina and Basidiomycotina

Answer 47

4.

Question 48

Lower classes such as _____________ and _______________ lead with Karyogamy immediately after Plasmogamy.

Answer 48

Mastigomycotina and Zygomycotina.

Question 49

Name the modes of Sexual Reproduction in Fungi.

Answer 49

1- Planogametic Copulation 2- Gametangial Contact 3- Gametangial Copulation 4- Spermatisation 5- Somatogamy

Question 50

The diff bw Gametangial copulation and Gametangial contact is __________ of _________ of gametangia.

Answer 50

Loosing of identity of Gametangia.

Question 51

Gametangia are ?

Answer 51

Structures that have motile gametes.

Question 52

Gametangia are ?

Answer 52

Structures that have motile gametes.

Question 53

Ascogonia are ___________ and are also called ____________.

Answer 53

Female Gametangia and oogonia.

Question 54

The most advanced type of sexual reproduction is ____________.

Answer 54

Planogametic copulation

Question 55

The type of sexual reproduction in the primitive fungi is ?

Answer 55

Planogametic copulation.

Question 56

Ooplanogametic copulation is a type of ______________ found in ____________.

Answer 56

Planogametic copulation,Phytophthora infestans.

Question 57

Both gametes are motile in __________ while only one is motile in ____________.

Answer 57

Isogametic copulation and Anisoplanogametic copulation , Ooplanogametic copulation.

Question 58

A sub division that shows Planogametic copulation is ?

Answer 58

Mastigomycotina

Question 59

The facultative parasitic fungi that shows Planogametic copulation is known for causing ?

Answer 59

Late Blight of Potato.

Question 60

Gametangial contact is a type of __________ reproduction that includes the formation of a structure called _____________.

Answer 60

sexual, fertilisation tube.

Question 61

The use of fertilisation tube is the transportation of ______________.

Answer 61

Male gametes to female gametes.

Question 62

Rhizopus shows _______________ type of reproduction.

Answer 62

Gametangial copulation.

Question 63

The sub division__________ shows ____________ reproduction where the fusing ‘bodies’ loose their individuality/identity. Name the term used for these fusing bodies too.

Answer 63

Zygomycotina, gametangial copulation. Gametangia.

Question 64

Class _________ includes a fungi that is both facultative parasitic and facultative saprophytic. The type of sexual reproduction seen here is ___________.

Answer 64

Oomycetes, Ooplanogametic copulation.

Question 65

The class ___________ shows a type of Planogametic copulation.

Answer 65

Oomycetes.

Question 66

This facultative saprophytic fungi on potato plant reproduces sexually by ______________.

Answer 66

Ooplanogametic copulation.

Question 67

Asexual reproduction- Sporangiophores Vegetative reproduction- Chlamydospores Sexual reproduction- Ooplanogametic copulation The organism here is ?

Answer 67

Phytophthora infestans.

Question 68

A fungi from the class __________that has no motile structure shows ___________ type of sexual reproduction.

Answer 68

Zygomycetes, gametangial copulation.

Question 69

Order ____________ shows only aplanospore as a means of asexual reproduction.

Answer 69

Mucorale.

Question 70

Bread/ Black Mould shows formation ___________ spores after sexual reproduction.

Answer 70

Aplanospores.

Question 71

Zygospore is the _____________ zygote formed after ____________.

Answer 71

Multinucleate, Gametangial Copulation.

Question 72

Rhizopus __________ produces _________spores and ________spores as means of asexual and vegetative reproductions.

Answer 72

stolonifer, aplanospores and chlamydospores.

Question 73

Ooplanogametic copulation is less in Phytophthora infestans as compared to asexual reproduction which is the most common medium of reproduction. The latter is carried out by the means of ________________.

Answer 73

Sporangiophores.

Question 74

The zygote formed from sexual reproduction in case of infestans is converted to __________ to continue infect other _________plants. Thus ___________ reproduction continues after sexual reproduction.

Answer 74

Zoospores, potato and asexual.

Question 75

True of False. Aplanospores are formed from the zygote formed from Planogametic copulation in Phytophthora.

Answer 75

False. It’s zoospores.

Question 76

Spermatisation is mentioned to be occurring in ____________ sub division.

Answer 76

Ascomycotina.

Question 77

The higher classifications of fungi that include Spermatisation are?

Answer 77

Ascomycotina and Basidiomycotina.

Question 78

Rust of wheat causing fungi is _____________ parasitic.

Answer 78

Obligate.

Question 79

Spermatisation includes spermatia to fuse w _______________.

Answer 79

Receptive hyphae.

Question 80

Spermatisation in blue mould includes ______nucleate and _______ antheridiophore and _______nucleate and __________ ascogoniophore.

Answer 80

uninucleate and septate, multinucleate and aseptate.

Question 81

The ascogoniophore is green mould is first ____________ but later divides to become ______________.

Answer 81

Uninucleate and multinucleate.

Question 82

The spermatia and receptive hyphae in fungi causing stem rust of wheat is of _________ strains.

Answer 82

Opposite.

Question 83

Puccinia __________ _________.

Answer 83

graminus triticum.

Question 84

Somatogamy is seen in __________.

Answer 84

Agaricus.

Question 85

Penicillium is a part of class _____________ where sexual reproduction is done by spermatisation.

Answer 85

Plactomycedes.

Question 86

____________ class includes fusion of spermatia with receptive hyphae.

Answer 86

Plactomycetes.

Question 87

Hyphae are branched, septate and mostly uninucleate in this fungi and it is mostly ___________. This fungi shows ____________ as a type of sexual reproduction.

Answer 87

Saprophytic, spermatisation.

Question 88

This fungi belongs to the order Uredinase and shows ______________ as a type of sexual reproduction. Is it a facultative saprophytic fungi, both saprophytic and parasitic or an obligate parasitic fungi?

Answer 88

Spermatisation. Obligate parasitic.

Question 89

This fungi shows dikaryotization and is macrocyclic. The type of sexual reproduction in this fungi is?

Answer 89

Spermatisation.

Question 90

The heteroeceous fungi that has barberris as its __ host. It shows what type of sexual reproduction?

Answer 90

Secondary. Spermatisation.

Question 91

Edible fungi of Hyminomycedes class undergoes _____________ as a type of sexual reproduction.

Answer 91

Somatogamy.

Question 92

Order___________ has fungi that shows sexual reproduction in the form of fusion of two hyphae. This type of reproduction is called?

Answer 92

Agaricase. Somatogamy.