Fungi Flashcards by chiamaka okudo

Q

Fungi evolved from a…

A

Unicellular flagellated ancestor

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Q

Shared derived trait of fungi

A

Secrete hydrolases

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Q

How do fungi digest

A

Hypha —> digestive enzyme—> secrete enzymes—> absorb (repeat)

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Q

Who colonized land first

A

Fungi

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Q

2 main types of fungi

A

Multicellular

Unicellular

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Q

Multicellular

A

common

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Q

Unicellular

A

Some yeasts

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Q

Hyphae

A

Long branched thread like filament

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Q

Mycelium

A

Tangled mass of hyphae

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Q

Shared derived trait (cell wall)

A

Chitinous cell wall

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Q

2 Reproductive structures

A

Aerial hyphae

Fruiting bodies

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Q

How do fungi reproduce

A

Via spores

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Q

Aerial hyphae are specialized to…

A

permit dispersal

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Q

Derived trait pertaining reproduction

A

Fruiting bodies

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Q

Haustoria

A

Penetrate plant tissue

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Q

Mycorrhiza

A

Mutualism between plant and fungi

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Q

SEQ asexual lifecycles of filamentous fungi

A

Spores via mitosis

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Q

SEQ asexual lifecycles of single celled yeast

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A

budding

Q

Sexual reproduction entails….

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A

Mating Types

Q

SEQ sexual reproduction

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A

Plasmogamy —> heterokaryon —> karyogamy—> meiosis—> spores

Q

How do fungi find mates

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A

Pheromones

Q

5 major phyla in fungal kingdom

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A

Chytrids

Zygomycetes

Glomerocetes

Acomycetes

Basidiomycetes

Q

Ancestral trait only in chytrids

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A

Flagellated spores

Q

Which phyla forms mycorrhizae

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A

Glomeromycetes

Importance of mycorrhizae

aids in plant nutrient absorption

Distinct feature of zygomycetes

Decompose organic matter in soil

Basidiomycetes are ALL

Sexually reproducing via basidia

Types of fungi

Decomposers Mutualists Parasites

Decomposes feed on…

no living tissue

Parasites feed on…

living tissue

Decomposed break down

cellulose + lignin (organic matter)

Examples of mutualists

Endophytes Lichens

Where are Endophytes

Inside leaves or stems

Purpose of Endophytes

Toxins deter herbivores

Where are lichens

Under rocks, trees, and roofs

What ARE lichens

Fungi + photosynthetic organism

Examples of fungal parasites

Myosis Chestnut Blight Zombie brain fungus

Myosis infects…

ANIMALS

Chestnut Blight infects….

PLANTS

Edible fungus

Blue cheese, truffles, and morels

Fungi in medical advancements

Antibiotics Biotech research Immunosuppressants

Practical use of fungi

Yeast fermentation

Yeast fermentation makes…

Sugars Alcohol