Fungi

Question 1

What is mycelium

Answer 1

Mass of connected hyphae

Question 2

What is found in fungal cell walls?

Answer 2

Chitin

Question 3

Where is chitin also found

Answer 3

Exoskeletons of Arthropods

Question 4

What part of mushrooms do we eat

Answer 4

Reproductive part

Question 5

Why are fungi important

Answer 5

They break down cellulose

Question 6

What do carnivorous fungi break down?

Answer 6

Protein

Question 7

Why do fungi kill bacteria

Answer 7

Arms race to decompose

Question 8

Why is it hard to kill fungi in humans?

Answer 8

They are eukaryotic just like humans

Question 9

What does yeast ferment?

Answer 9

Carbohydrates

Question 10

What can you infer about an area with few lichen?

Answer 10

The area is polluted

Question 11

What do ruminants break down?

Answer 11

Cellulose

Question 12

What do ruminants have in their guts that help them break down cellulose

Answer 12

Fungi

Question 13

What kind of relationship do leafcutters have with fungi?

Answer 13

Mutualistic

Question 14

How many nucleus can a hyphae have?

Answer 14

More than one

Question 15

What does monokaryotic mean?

Answer 15

1 nucleus

Question 16

Dikaryotic meaning

Answer 16

2 nucleus

Question 17

Heterokaryotic meaning

Answer 17

Nuclei from different individual

Question 18

Homokaryotic meaning

Answer 18

Nuclei genetically similar

Question 19

What is unusual about fungi mitosis

Answer 19

Cell is not relevant unit of reproduction

Nuclear envelope does not breakdown and reform

Spindle apparatus is formed within it

Question 20

What type of cells are spores?

Answer 20

Haploid

Question 21

How do spores form multicellular haploid individuals?

Answer 21

Through mitosis

Question 22

How is mycorrhizae formed?

Answer 22

Roots of plant connect with underground parts of fungus

Question 23

How does mycorrhizae aid the survival of both fungus and plants

Answer 23

They exchange nutrients and water

Question 24

What does myco mean in Greek

Answer 24

Fungus

Question 25

What does rhizo mean in Greek

Answer 25

Root

Question 26

What do ectomycorrhizae depend on?

Answer 26

Fungi enveloping on roots in sheath and Hattie net of hyphae that extends into roots between cells

Question 27

Glomeromycete fungi form vesicular interactions with what?

Answer 27

Arbuscular mycorrhiza

Question 28

What is the body of a lichen called?

Answer 28

Thallus

Question 29

How is a thallus (body of a lichen) formed of?

Answer 29

Hyphae wrapped around photosynthetic partner

Question 30

What do lichen produce?

Answer 30

Soredia

Question 31

What are soredia

Answer 31

Clusters of algae cells surrounded by mycelia

Question 32

What causes Dutch elm disease

Answer 32

The fungus ophiostoma ulmi

Question 33

What does Dutch elm disease affect?

Answer 33

It destroys species of elm

Question 34

What group are fungi?

Answer 34

Polyphyletic (share characteristics instead of single common ancestor)

Question 35

What is mycology?

Answer 35

Study of fungi

Question 36

What do fungi lack that plant cells have

Answer 36

Chloroplasts and chlorophyll

Question 37

What do fungi have similar to plant cells

Answer 37

Rigid layers of cell walls

Question 38

What does chitin do for the cell walls of fungi

Answer 38

Gives structural strength

Question 39

What are fungal hyphae separated by

Answer 39

Ebdwalls called septa

Question 40

What allows the rapid flow of nutrients along the hypha

Answer 40

Tiny holes in septa

Question 41

What is coenocytic hyphae

Answer 41

The hyphae in bread molds

Question 42

What is ergosterol

Answer 42

The thing that stabilized structures in fungi

Question 43

What does ergosterol replace in animal cell membranes

Answer 43

Cholesterol

Question 44

What fungi can change from uni to multicellular depending on environmental conditions

Answer 44

Dimorphic fungi

Question 45

What are unicellular fungi generally referred to as

Answer 45

Yeasts

Question 46

Name of bakers yeast

Answer 46

Saccharomyces cerevisae

Question 47

What conditions can fungi grow in

Answer 47

Moist and slightly acidic and with or without light is

Question 48

What are most fungi oxygen requirements

Answer 48

Obligate aerobes (required oxygen to survive)

Question 49

What aerobe are yeasts

Answer 49

Facultative aerobes (grow w oxygen but can survive without)

Question 50

What do fungi use as a source of carbon

Answer 50

Complex organic compounds

Question 51

How do fungi obtain nitrogen

Answer 51

From their diet like animals

Question 52

How do fungi digest food in comparison to animals

Answer 52

They digest food in reverse digestion precedes ingestion

Question 53

What is a saprobe

Answer 53

Organisms that derive nutrients from decaying organic matter

Question 54

Where do saptobed obtain their nutrients

Answer 54

Decaying organic matter

Question 55

What are the 2 stages of fungi

Answer 55

Vegetative and reproductive

Question 56

How do fungi reproduce

Answer 56

Asexually and sexually

Question 57

How do fungi reproduce asexually

Answer 57

Fragmentation Budding Producing spores

Question 58

What is the only class in the phylum chytridimycota

Answer 58

Chytridiomycetes

Question 59

What role do zycometes play

Answer 59

They are the synthesis of semi synthetic steroid hormones

Question 60

What is an ascus

Answer 60

A sac like structure that contains haploid ascospores

Question 61

What roles do ascomytes play

Answer 61

Yeasts used in baking , brewing and wine fermenting

Question 62

What is apergillus oryzae jsed for

Answer 62

Fermentation of rice for sake