Fungi Additional Flashcards
(22 cards)
Cryptococcus gattii
Disseminated infection in severely immunocompromised host
Candida oncomychosis infection in
Nails and hyphae will extend down the bed of the nail
Candida auris causes
UTI
And it is usually multi drug resistant
Crypto coccus neoformans causes
Pulmonary cryptococcus meningitis —> common in AIDS patient
When is ascospores formed in ascus?
Under optimal condition
Candida tropicalis causes
Vaginal infection
Candida albicans causes ….
Oral infection
What is basidiomycetes ?
Any of a group of higher fungi that have septate hyphae and spores borne on a basidium
Explain about chronic mucocutaneous candida infection !
Can arise in individual with an unusual combination of endocrine and immune dysfunction (APECED—> autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy)
T cells dysfunction
Candida parapsilosis causes
Oesophagal infection
Aspergillus fumigatus
Infects by inhalation of candida which germinate to hyphae in the lung tissue
It is also angioinvasive —> invades cell wall of blood vessels
Candida balanitis is infection in
Penis
What is asci ?
Special elongated cells or sacs in which spores mature in
Candida krusei causes
Nail infection
Name different types of lifesaving antifungals and where they work
- echinocandins : target wall
- polyenes: target membrane
- triazoles and allylamines : targets sterol
- flucytosine : targets DNA synthesis
Candida intertigo causes infection in
Between fingers
What is pleomorphism?
The occurrence of more than one form on naturally occurring object
Types of disease associated with aspergillus spp
- simple asthma
- asthma with eosinophilia
- aspergilloma
- invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
- Disseminated aspergillosis
Candida glabrata causes
Skin infection
Problems with antifungals
- spectrum of activity static or Vidal
- IV vs Oral
- Toxicity
- resistance
- cost
Examples and mode of application of different antifungal agent
A. Polyenes:
- amphotericin B (IV, topical,lozenge, ointment, oral suspension)
- Nystatin (oral, topical, pastille, suspension )
B. Azoles:
- topicals : clotrimazole, miconazole, etc
- oral and / or IV: fluconazole
- oral: posaconazole
C. Echinocandins :
- anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin
Diagnostic method for fungal infection
A. Direct detection :
- histopathology
- high resolution CT scan
B. Direct smear
- Calcofluor white stain which will result in different colour depending on the PH changes in pathogens (for candida)
C. Medical mycology:
- direct detection —> histophatology and CT scan
- detection of circulating fungal antigens
- detection of circulating antibodies to fungi
- PCR for fungal DNA
- culture of fungus from normally sterile site
