Fungi and Protists

Question 1

Protist

Answer 1

an organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista

Question 2

Heterotroph

Answer 2

an organism that gets food by eating other organisms or their byproducts and that cannot make organic compounds from inorganic materials

Question 3

parasite

Answer 3

an organism that feeds on an organism of another species (the host) and that usually harms the host; the host never benefits from the presence of the parasite

Question 4

algae

Answer 4

eukaryotic organisms that convert the sun’s energy into food through photosynthesis but that do not have roots, stems, or leaves.

Question 5

phytoplankton

Answer 5

the microscopic photosynthetic organisms that float near the surface of marine or fresh water

Question 6

fungi

Answer 6

an organism whose cells have nuclei, rigid cell walls, and no chlorphyll and that belongs to the kingdom Fungi

Question 7

eukaryotic

Answer 7

an organism made u of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi but not archaebacteria or eubacteria

Question 8

decomposer

Answer 8

an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or exerting the nutrients

Question 9

spore

Answer 9

a reproductive cell or multicellular structure that is resistant to stressful environmental conditions and that can develop into an adult without fusing with another cell

Question 10

lichen

Answer 10

a mass of fungal and algal cells that grow together in a symbiotic relationship and that are usually found in rocks or trees

Question 11

nonvascular plant

Answer 11

the three groups of plants (liverworts, hornworts, and mosses) that lack specialized conducting tissues and true roots, stems, and leaves

Question 12

vascular plant

Answer 12

a plant that has specialized tissues that conduct materials from one part of the plant to another

Question 13

gymnosperm

Answer 13

a woody, vascular seed plant whose seeds aren’t enclosed by an ovary or fruit

Question 14

angiosperm

Answer 14

a flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit

Question 15

photosynthesis

Answer 15

the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food

Question 16

cellular respiration

Answer 16

the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food

Question 17

transpiration

Answer 17

the process by which plants release water vapor into the air through stomata; also the release of water vapor into the air by other organisms

Question 18

tropism

Answer 18

growth of all or part of an organism in response to an external stimulus, such as light

Question 19

gravitropism

Answer 19

a coordinated process in which differential growth by a plant or fungus in response to something pulling on it

Question 20

host

Answer 20

an organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter

Question 21

asexual reproduction

Answer 21

reproduction that doesn’t involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

Question 22

xylem

Answer 22

the type of tissue in vascular plants that provides support and conducts water and nutrients from thw roots

Question 23

pholoem

Answer 23

the tussue that conducts food in vascular plants

Question 24

phototropism

Answer 24

a change inin the growth of a plantin response to light