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Biology 11 > Fungi/Protists > Flashcards

Fungi/Protists Flashcards

1
Q

Protists

A

Unicellular eukaryotes

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2
Q

Where are protists found?

A

Aquatic/marine environments

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3
Q

Contractile vacuole

A

Helps control, osmotic pressure and prevent cell from bursting

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4
Q

Plankton

A

organisms that are move by water currents

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5
Q

What are a result of Endo symbiosis?

A

Chloroplasts

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6
Q

Endo symbiosis

A

Once their own species of bacteria

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7
Q

Euglenids

A

-Autotrophic during the day, heterotrophic at night
-Migrate in water columns
-have eyespot

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8
Q

Dinoflagellates

A

Found in marine life environments
Can contain red/green pigments (cause toxic blooms-red tides)

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9
Q

Bioluminescence

A

The disturbance of Dino’s flagellates

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10
Q

What else can zooplankton be referred as?

A

Protozoans

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11
Q

Protozoans

A

Ingest food through phagocytosis
Diet consists of bacteria/protists
Can be free living/parasitic

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12
Q

Paramecium

A

Oval shaped protists
Have protein structures called Cilia

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13
Q

Amoeba

A

Have pseudopods

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14
Q

Pseudopods 2 main functions

A

Locomotion
Feeding

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15
Q

Food vacuole

A

Resulting structure of pseudopods

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16
Q

Malaria

A

Deadly illness caused by protists from plasmodium genus

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17
Q

How many cases of malaria did WHO declare in 2020

A

241 million
627,000 deaths

18
Q

P falciparum

A

-Causes 75% of human infection
-Transmitted by anopheles mosquito
-Stagnant wanted increased mosquito population (increasing illness)

19
Q

Plasmodium

A

-Directly affect human gene
-Presence of faulty chloroplasts
-Closely related to green algae

20
Q

Sickle cell anaemia

A

Causes red blood cells to become deformed
Provide immunity to plasmodium infection, can’t carry as much oxygen

21
Q

How many human proteins are influenced by plasmodium protists?

A

10

22
Q

Sporozite stage

A

Injection of protist into new host
Migrate through the bloodstream to the liver

23
Q

Merozoites

A

Daughter cells of sporozoites
Appear spherical
Infect red blood cells
Reproduce asexually

24
Q

Gametocyte

A

Lyse RBC’s
Taken up by mosquito bites
Reproduce sexually inside mosquito

25
Q

All fungal reproduction involves production of cells, called what

A

Spores

26
Q

Spores

A

Dispensed into air increasing chance for fungus to find favourable environment

27
Q

Sporangia

A

-Structures that produce asexual spores
-Dormant until favourable conditions
-Germination of the spores is triggered by water

28
Q

Symbiotic organisms

A

Lichen and mycorrhizae

29
Q

Fungi cause disease in humans by doing what

A

Infecting, skin or respiratory system

30
Q

Common traits between fungi and plants

A

Eucaryotic
Have cell walls
Are sessile

31
Q

Differences between fungi and plants

A

-Plants have roots fungi have rhizoids
-Plants use photosynthesis, fungi, or heterotrophic
-Plants have cell walls of cellulose fungi use chitin

32
Q

Fruiting body

A

Used for reproduction, creating, and releasing spores

33
Q

Hyphae

A

-Small filament that make up the mushroom
-Have thickness of just one cell

34
Q

Septa

A

Walls that separate fungal cells

35
Q

Rhizoids

A

Anchor fungi to the ground

36
Q

Mycelium

A

Underground network of hyphae
Responsible for locating and obtaining nutrients and mating

37
Q

What process do fungi use to obtain nutrients?

A

Extracellular digestion

38
Q

Basidiomycota

A

Known as mushrooms
Edible

39
Q

Zygomycota

A

Molds
Break down nutrients from dead plants/animals

40
Q

Ascomycota

A

Rusts, yeasts and truffles
Unicellular
Truffles are subterranean, rusts are parasitic

41
Q

Deuteromycota

A

Miscellaneous fungi
Include human pathogens
Ex. Athletes foot ringworm and Penicillium fungus.

Biology 11 (6 decks)

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