fungi, protists, bacteria and viruses

Question 1

what are fungi?

Answer 1

eukaryotic cells which can be unicellular and multicellular?

Question 2

how are fungal diseases spread?

Answer 2

fungi produce hyphae which can borrow into skin and grow onto other plants
fungi also produce spores which can spread easily and grow new fungi

Question 3

what is an example of a fungal infection?

Answer 3

rose black spot

Question 4

how does rose black spot make the plant ill?

Answer 4

turns leaves yellow which prevents photosynthesis and means the plant cannot grow

Question 5

how is rose black spot transmitted?

Answer 5

spreads in water or by wind

Question 6

what is the treatment of rose black spot?

Answer 6

chop off and destroy infected leaves
spray with fungicide

Question 7

what are protists

Answer 7

unicellular organisms which are often parasites

Question 8

what are parasites?

Answer 8

organisms which live on or inside other organisms

Question 9

how are protists transmitted?

Answer 9

by vectors which spread the disease but don’t get it

Question 10

what is an example of a protist parasite?

Answer 10

malaria

Question 11

what is malaria?

Answer 11

a parasite which needs a host to survive

Question 12

what are the relevance of mosquitos, regarding malaria?

Answer 12

they act as a the vector, spreading malaria but not getting the disease

Question 13

what are the symptoms of malaria?

Answer 13

recurring symptoms of fever, death in extreme cases

Question 14

what is the treatment of malaria?

Answer 14

release infertile mosquitoes
spray insecticides

Question 15

what are viruses?

Answer 15

they are neither cells or living; they require other organisms to replicate

Question 16

how do viruses utilise other organisms to replicate?

Answer 16

they penetrate the cells of other organisms to grow and then burst and destroy the cell when the time is right

Question 17

what do viruses do that make us ill?

Answer 17

the destruction of cells make us feel ill

Question 18

what is the example of a virus which is spread by droplets?

Answer 18

measles

Question 19

how is measles spread?

Answer 19

spread in droplets when infected people cough or sneeze

Question 20

what are the symptoms of measles?

Answer 20

rashes and fever, can be fatal in extreme cases

Question 21

what is the main treatment of measles?

Answer 21

many are vaccinated at a young age

Question 22

what is the virus spread by sexual contact?

Answer 22

HIV

Question 23

how is HIV spread?

Answer 23

sexual contact or the exchange of bodily fludis

Question 24

what is the danger of HIV?

Answer 24

it attackes white blood cells

Question 25

what are the symptoms of HIV?

Answer 25

initilay flu-like symptoms virus attacks white blood cells, weakening the immune system and making patients vulnerable to small infections like the common cold or even cancers

Question 26

what is AIDS?

Answer 26

the state where the immune system is so weak it is ineffective

Question 27

what is the treatment of HIV?

Answer 27

antiretroviral drugs prevent early duplications of HIV

Question 28

what is the virus which affects plants?

Answer 28

tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)

Question 29

which plants does TMV commonly occur in?

Answer 29

tomatoes and tobaco

Question 30

how does TMV make plants ill?

Answer 30

creates dark patches where photosynthesis can't occur, preventing the growth of the plant

Question 31

how can bacterias make us ill?

Answer 31

bacterias can produce toxins which damage cells and tissues: it is the damaging of cells which makes us ill

Question 32

why are bacterial diseases dangerous in humans?

Answer 32

beacause bacterial cells can reproduce rapidly in the body due to the high food supply

Question 33

what is the bacterial disease related to food poisoning?

Answer 33

salmonella

Question 34

how is salmonella most commonly caught?

Answer 34

when infected chicken is eaten

Question 35

what are the symptons of salmonella and why do they occur?

Answer 35

stomach cramps, vomiting, diarrhoea: occurs because the intestines are affected and the digestion of food is irregular

Question 36

what is the bacterial disease related to STDs

Answer 36

gonnorhoea

Question 37

how is gonnorhoea spread?

Answer 37

sexual contact

Question 38

what are the symptoms of gonnorhoea?

Answer 38

pain when urinating, thick green discharge from sexual organs

Question 39

how can gonnorhoea be prevented?

Answer 39

using barrier protection during sex like condoms

Question 40

how can gonnorhoea be treated?

Answer 40

with antibiotics

Question 41

what is the risk of using antibiotics to treat gonnorhea?

Answer 41

bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics like penicilin