FX Flashcards
Important information for FX (205 cards)
1
Q
What is a safety data sheet (SDS)?
A
This is a document provided by a manufacturer containing information about the physical makeup of a substance, proper storage and handling procedures, and other safety issues.
2
Q
What are three common ways to attach fabric to cushioning?
A
This is commonly accomplished in one of three ways.
- buttoning
- tufting
- channeling
3
Q
What are Roman Shades?
A
This type of shade pulls up with a cord into accordion folds.
4
Q
What is composite wood veneer?
A
This is a product made by slicing readily available, fast-growing trees into veneers, dyeing the veneers, and then gluing them together to create an artificial log. The log is then re-sliced to produce a variety of wood veneers.
This is a sustainable product manufactured by laminating veneers from commonly available trees onto an artificial log, which is then sliced to produce the final veneers
5
Q
What is a clerestory?
A
This is a vertically glazed area placed between two different roof levels to admit natural light.
6
Q
What is the unit of measure for the frequency of sound?
A
The hertz (Hz) is the unit of measure for this and is equal to one cycle per second.
7
Q
What is the unit of measure for sound intensity, based on a logarithmic scale?
A
The decibel (dB) is the unit of measure for this
8
Q
What do most people perceive when a sound increases by 10 dB?
A
When a sound increases by this amount, most people perceive a doubling in loudness.
9
Q
What frequency range can be heard by most healthy young people?
A
This range is 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
10
Q
What material does NFPA 701 test, and what condition does it test for?
A
This test the flammability of draperies, curtains, and other window treatments.
As known as Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Propagation of Textile & Films or Vertical Ignition Test
11
Q
What is the coefficient of absorption?
A
This is the ratio of sound intensity absorbed by a material to total sound intensity reaching the material.
12
Q
What are 5 common types of resilient flooring?
A
- Vinyl
- Vinyl Composition
- Rubber
- Cork
- Linoleum
13
Q
What is velvet carpet?
A
This is a carpet made by a simple weaving method that places all the pile yarn on the face of the carpet.
14
Q
What are 4 reasons why carpet cushions are used?
A
This material is used with carpeting to:
- provide support for the pile yarn
- increase dimensional stability
- provide added strength
- give a softer feel underfoot
15
Q
What is solid surfacing?
A
This is a homogeneous, polymer-based surfacing material.
16
Q
How is a tungsten-halogen lamp different from a standard incandescent lamp?
A
Tungsten-Halogen lamp includes a small amount of a halogen with the inert gas and is made from a bulb of quartz. It last longer than the incandescent, produces a white light, and produces a more uniform light over time.
17
Q
How does a high-intensity discharge lamp work?
A
This type of lamp works by passing an electric current through a gas or vapor under high pressure.
18
Q
How is the color temperature of a light source determined?
A
This value is based on the temperature, in degrees Kelvin, to which a black-body radiator would have to be heated to produce the same hue as a particular light source.
19
Q
What is a lumen (abbreviated lm)?
A
This unit is the amount of luminous flux produced by a point source of one candlepower (candela) in a solid angle of one steradian.
On a sphere with a radius of one unit, an area of one square unit will subtend an angle of one steradian
20
Q
What is marble
A
This is a metamorphic rock that is converted by heat and pressure from limestone into calcite and/or dolomite.
21
Q
Why would a designer want to use a Wilton carpet?
A
This carpet type would be used to produce a complex pattern with different surface textures.
22
Q
In terms of paint, what is the vehicle and how does it work?
A
This is the liquid potion of paint, composed of a nonvolatile binder and a volatile part called solvent. the binder combines with the body to form the final film, while the solvent dissolves the binder to allow for application and later either evaporates or dries.
23
Q
What 2 paint types are often used to achieve a very durable surface?
A
- Epoxy paint
* Urethane paint
24
Q
What is illuminance?
A
This is the density of luminous flux incident on surface in lumens per unit area.
In U.S. units, 1 lm uniformly incident n 1 ft2 produces an illuminance of 1 footcandle (fc)
In SI units, 1 lumen uniformly incident on 1 m2 produces an illuminance of 1 lux (lx)
25
What is luminous efficacy?
This is the ratio of the luminous flux emitted by a light source to the power used by the light source.
26
How does a fluorescent lamp produce light?
In this type of lamp, an electric arc is formed, generating ultraviolet light. When this light strikes the phosphor coating n the inside of the lamp, the phosphor fluoresces, generating visible light.
27
What is a light-emitting diode (LED)?
This is a semiconductor device that uses solid-state electronics to create light.
28
What is a color rendition index?
This is a numerical measure of how well a light source renders the color of an object when compared t the same object lit by reference source of the same color temperature.
29
What is the coefficient of utilization (CU)?
This value is a measure of how efficiently a luminaire distributes light under various degrees of finish reflectivity.
30
What is bookmatching?
This is a method of assembling veneers in which every other piece sliced off the log is turned over.
31
What percentage range of commercial building's total energy use is typically devoted to electric lighting & the cooling it requires?
30% - 40% of a commercial building's total energy use is typically devoted to this.
32
What are the 3 most common types of interior glazing?
* Float
* Tempered
* Laminated
33
What are the primary elements used to make bronze?
Copper & tin
34
What is a concrete masonry unit?
This building product, abbreviated CMU, is also commonly known as concrete block
35
What is mean radiant temperature?
This is a measure f the heat a person gains from or loses to his or her surroundings through radiation. it is used in assessing how comfortable a room is.
The value is weighted average of the various surface temperatures in a room (taking into account an occupant's angle of exposure to these surfaces) and any sunlight present.
36
What is the standard depth of metal studs?
* 1 5/8" (41 mm)
* 2 1/2" (64 mm)
* 3 5/8" (92 mm)
* 4" (102 mm)
* 6" (152 mm)
37
What is the generic name for fire-rated gypsum wallboard?
Type X
38
What are four advantages of using portland cement plaster as a finish material?
* Hard & abrasion resistant
* Water resistant
* Easily formed into curved and ornate surfaces
* Good base for wall tile
39
What are four disadvantages of using portland cement plaster as a finish material?
* More expensive than gypsum
* Slower to construct
* Wet and messy to work with
* Challenging to work with, thus requiring more skilled labor
40
What is a pivot?
This is a type hardware used to hang doors. It consists of a rotating bottom pin and a corresponding pin at the top of the door.
41
In regards to construction what is a plenum?
In commercial construction, this is the space between the building structural roof or floor and the suspended ceiling.
42
What effect does an acoustical ceiling have on sound?
This construction element mainly absorbs sound.
43
Stainless steel is primarily an alloy of steel and an additional element. Which one?
Chromium is added to steel to create stainless steel
44
What process occurs when dissimilar metals are contact in the presence of water?
The process that occurs under these conditions is galvanic action.
Galvanic action is a form of electrochemical corrosion in which one metal gives up electrons to the other, corroding quickly while slowing the other metal's corrosion.
45
What type of steel flor or roof framing system provides generous space in both directions for pipes, ducts, & conduit?
Open-web steel joist system
46
What type of precast structural member is often used to provide support as a beam and as floor decking?
A double-tee is often used in these two applications.
47
What electrical components are required for switches, outlets, lights, & locations where electrical conductors have been sliced?
Junction boxes are required at these locations
48
What is a ground fault interrupter?
This is an electrical safety device that detects small current leaks and disconnects the power to a circuit.
Also known as GFI
Note: These are commonly found bathroom, garages, kitchens, laundry & utility rooms to name a few locations
49
What is the purpose of a plumbing trap?
This plumbing component holds a quantity of water to provide a seal that prevents gases from the sewage system from entering the building.
50
What is an intumescent material?
This a material that, when exposed to heat, expands rapidly and insulates or fills spaces to prevent the passage of fire and smoke.
51
What is flight in a stairway?
This is a series of two or more risers between one floor or landing and the next.
52
What is a winding stairway?
This type of stairway that has tapered treads that are wider at one end than at the other.
53
What 2 materials have largely supplanted plywood in interior construction applications?
Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard (MDF) have generally supplanted this material in interior construction application
54
What is a jalousie window?
This window type consists of individual horizontal pieces of glass that all pivot outward at once for ventilation.
55
What is direct glare?
This results when a light source in the field of vision causes discomfort and interference with a visual task.
Hint: The sun coming through the windows and shining on your computer screen
56
What is a veiling reflection?
This results when a reflection causes glare that interferes with a visual task.
57
What is running trim?
This type of molding is installed end to end.
Example: Crown molding or base board
58
Which finish material for woodwork provides the hardest, most durable surface?
Polyester
Application Examples: High Gloss Wood finish found in luxury cars
59
What is lacquer?
This is a costing material with a high nitrocellulose content that has been modified with resins & plasticizers dissolved in a volatile solvent.
60
What organization produces furniture standards that have been adopted by ANSI?
The Business & Institutional Furniture Manufacturers Association (BIFMA)
61
What is a furniture factory rep?
This is a person who works directly for a furniture manufacturer & represents only that manufacturer's product
Example: Allsteel or Hon rep
62
What is a line chart?
This is a document that list all the product lines that an independent furniture representative handles
63
What is the Taber Test (also known as ASTM D3884) used for?
This test is used to determine the abrasion resistance of carpet & sometimes other textiles
Also known as: Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Rotary Platform, Double-head Method)
64
What are some authoritative sources for product information?
This kind of information is found in:
* manufacturers' product catalogs
* manufacturers' websites
* manufacturers' representatives
* trade associations
* Sweets Network Online
65
What are 2 places an interior designer could take a client to view furniture directly?
* Dealership
| * Showroom
66
What is abrasion resistance?
This is the ability of a material or finish to resist being worn away or to maintain its original appearance when rubbed with another object.
67
What are the main advantages of acrylic as a furniture fabric?
* Moderately good strength
* Resilience
* Resistance to sunlight
* Marked similarity to wool
68
What are the main advantages of nylon as a furniture fabric?
* Exceptional strength
* High resiliency
* High elasticity
* resistance to many chemical stains
* resistance to microorganisms
* good water resistance
69
What is blueprint matching?
This is the most exacting method of matching veneer panels in a room, such that grain continuity is maintained across doors, cabinets, and other obstructions.
70
What is noise reduction coefficient (NRC)?
This is a single-number average of a material's coefficients of absorption at 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, & 2000 Hz rounded to the nearest 0.05.
71
What is reverberation time?
This is the time it takes for the sound level in a space to decrease 60 dB after the source has stopped producing the sound.
72
What is the ceiling attenuation class (CAC)?
This is a single-number measure of the transmission loss through ceiling tiles between two closed rooms where there is no barrier above the suspended ceiling.
73
In terms of the programming process, what are 3 limitations of behavior observation as a technique for gathering information?
* It cannot address why people are behaving the way they are
* It is only valid for one period of time
It is accurate only when implemented by skilled practitioner.
74
What 4 methods of gathering information used in the programming process?
* Client interviews
* Questionnaires
* Observation
* Field Surveys
75
According to the book Problem Seeking by William Pena, et al., what are the 5 steps in the programming process?
* Establish goals
* Collect facts
* Uncover concepts
* Determine needs
* State the problem
76
How does a programmatic concept differ from a design concept?
The 1st is a performance requirement that is related to general methods of solving a problem or satisfying a need
The 2nd is specific physical response that is an attempt to satisfy the first.
77
In terms of programming process, what are the three components of flexibility?
* Expandability
* Convertiability
* Versatility
78
What are the 4 possible ratings for LEED certified project?
* Platinum
* Gold
* Silver
* Certified
79
What is a common way to determine the floor area required for an activity?
(Area required per person) x (# of people)
80
In a leased space, what is considered to be usable area?
This is the area actually used for the space's intended purpose, in addition to circulation spaces within the leased space and partitions & columns within the space.
81
what two things must a designer know about a space before the necessary # of exits can be determined?
* Floor area
| * Occupancy group
82
What range of % do space-planning efficiency ratios typically fall within?
60% to 80%
83
What is the efficiency factor of a leased space?
This is the ratio of net area to usable area in the leased space.
84
What are five common hazardous materials found in existing buildings?
* Asbestos
* Vermiculite
* PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls)
* Lead
* Radon
85
What type of conceptual plan arrangement could be used as a nondirectional way to focus attention on a space?
A centralized plan arrangement could be used to accomplish this
86
What type of circulation pattern is generally the most efficient and flexible?
A linear layout (also called a dumbbell layout) is generally the most efficient and flexible of these.
87
What voluntary, consensus-based national standard for developing high-performance, sustainable buildings was established by the U.S. Green Building Council?
Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED)
88
What activities does the Greenguard Environmental Institute conduct?
Test products for acceptable indoor air quality standards and registers the products it certifies
89
What are 9 common biological contaminants often found in buildings?
* Mold
* Mildew
* Bacteria
* Viruses
* Mites
* Pollen
* Animal dander
* Dust
* Insects
90
What 3 activities does Scientific Certification Systems conduct?
* Environmentally related product attributes
* Environmentally preferable products
* Well-managed forests
91
What is the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)?
Nonprofit organization is devoted to encouraging the responsible management of the world's forests
92
What type of volumetric relationship could be used to functionally and perceptually link two spaces?
An overlapping relationship could be used to accomplish this.
93
In accessibility regulations, what type of provision might require that certain % of seating in an area be accessible?
Scoping Provision dictate how many accessible elements must be provided
94
What is a design concept?
This is an idea or statement concerning an overall physical response to ideas developed during programming.
95
What is mixed occupancy?
This is a situation where a single building or interior space houses 2 or more different types of occupancies.
96
How many construction types are there, and which has the highest resistance?
```
Type I (Highest fire resistance)
Type II
Type III
Type IV
Type V
```
97
what is territoriality?
Human behavior that attempts to lay claim to space and give a sense of self-identity
98
What is proxemics?
The study of the degrees of spatial separation that people maintain while interacting, and how these distances are related to social, environmental & cultural factors
99
In proxemics, as described by Edward T. Hall, what are the names of the four distances (starting with the closest)?
* Intimate
* Personal
* Social
* Public
100
What theory did Abraham Maslow propose?
The american psychologist proposed a hierarchy of human needs, ranging from basic needs, such as for food and water, to more advanced needs, such as for self-actualization, order, & beauty
101
What is a design theory?
This is a mental construct, based on a philosophy or set of beliefs, that is used to direct a design.
102
What is Gestalt Psychology?
Asserts that people perceive their environment as a whole and add structure to what they see
103
In Gestalt psychology what is grouping?
This is the tendency to perceive separate elements in a visual field as a single whole
104
In Gestalt psychology, what is perceptual constancy?
This is the tendency to perceive a familiar object or space as essentially the same in spite of changes in position, viewing angle, lighting, and so on
105
What are some of the visual cues through which people perceive depth & distance?
People perceive these two spatial factors through
* Linear perspective
* Atmospheric perspective
* Texture perspective
* Interposition
* Closeness of objects to the horizon line
* Relative size differences
106
In design, what is regionalism?
This is a social or cultural influence on a design that reflects a particular geographical area.
107
What are the six elements of design?
These are form, scale, color, texture, pattern & light
108
What basic form is the intersection of a wall & a ceiling perceived as?
Perceived as a line
109
In design, what is scale?
This is the relative size of a n object or element in comparison to another element of known size
110
What are the true primary colors pigment?
These are yellow, magenta, and cyan (not yellow, red, & blue, as is often thought)
111
What is hue?
This is the most basic color classification. For example, it is what distinguishes yellow from blue.
112
In term of color, what is intensity or chroma?
This is the degree or purity of a hue when compared to a neutral gray of the same value.
113
What are the 2 names for the color wheel?
* Brewster
| * Prang color system
114
What 3 terms does the Munsell color system use to define color?
* Hue
* Value
* Chroma
115
What is simultaneous contrast?
The is the phenomenon in which a color seems to change when placed against differently colored backgrounds.
116
What is an analogous color scheme?
Using hues that are close to each other on the color wheel
117
Which design element can be perceived through the sense of both touch and sight?
Texture
118
What is a pattern?
Repetition of a decorative motif on a surface
119
What are the 3 primary colors of light
* Red
* Green
* Blue
120
What are the 6 principles of design?
* Balance
* Harmony & Unity
* Rhythm
* Emphasis & Focus
* Contrast & Variety
* Proportion
121
What is asymmetrical balance?
This is the arrangement of dissimilar elements within a visual field such that the composition appears balanced, even though the elements are not grouped around a common axis
122
What is visual weight?
This is the perception that some objects are heavier than others by nature f their size, shape, complexity, color, texture or location in space.
123
What is radial balance?
This is the uniform arrangement of elements about a center point.
124
In regard to interior design, what is harmony?
This is a characteristic of a composition in which all the elements of the interior seem to belong together and to reinforce the overall design theme
125
What is gradation, and what design principle is it derived from?
Is a variation of rhythm. It describes cases where the size , color or value of a design element is slightly modified
126
What design principle is often achieved by placing an element in a prominent position or by using special lighting?
Emphasis and focus in a design can achieve this
127
What is contrast in interior design?
This is the intentional juxtaposition of dissimilar elements within a design to create emphasis
128
How does proportion differ from scale?
Proportion is the size relationship between objects or elements in a space.
Scale is the relative size of an object or element in comparison to another element of known size (often the human body)
129
What is the value of the golden ratio?
Approximately 1.618
130
What is the Fibonacci sequence?
1st two terms are 0 and 1 and each number that follows is the sum of the previous two.
0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21 ....
131
What is ergonomics?
This is the study of the relationship between human physiology and the physical environment.
132
In what 3 ways does the human body lose heat?
* Convection
* Evaporation
* Radiation
133
People seated along the edge of a table should be provided with a comfortable amount of space between one another. What is the acceptable range for the amount of space per person?
When planning for this type of furniture from 24 - 30 in (600 mm to 750 mm) of space should be provided for each person
134
What is anthropometrics?
The practice of measuring the size, proportion, and range of motion of the human body
135
What is the net area or net assignable area of a building?
This is the actual area needed to accommodate specific functions without taking into account primary circulation space or support space
136
In a leased space, what is considered to be rentable area?
This is the area available for assignment to a tenant within the perimeter walls of the tenant space, as well as private corridors, walls & columns within the tenant space.
This area may also include a proportionate share of public corridors, restrooms & elevator lobbies shared by all tenants.
137
What is adaptive reuse?
This is the practice of reusing existing buildings and materials from buildings as much as possible
138
What is programming?
This is the process undertaken before design during which all pertinent information about a project is collected and analyzed.
139
What is detailing in interior design?
This is the process of determining a design's technical requirements - that is, how the individual components will fit together and exactly how they will look
140
What is a project manual?
This is a bound book or digital document that contains
* Technical construction specifications
* Contract forms
* General & supplementary conditions of the contract
* Bidding requirements (if used)
* Supplemental bid forms (if used)
141
What system was created to standardize the organization & writing of specifications, what group developed it?
The MasterFormat system was developed by the Construction Specifications Institute & Construction Specification Canada to accomplish this
142
Individual specification sections of the CSI MasterFormat system are divided into 3 parts. What broad subjects do these 3 parts cover?
* Part 1, General
* Part 2, Product
* Part 3, Execution
143
What are construction drawings?
These are detailed drawings the contractor uses to construct a project and describe the extent of work and the locations, dimensions, and relationships of various construction elements.
144
How is the MasterFormat system organized?
This system for standardizing specifications is organized into major subgroups and individual divisions within each subgroup.
145
What does a typical floor plan show?
This type of drawing shows the overall configuration of a building (or portion of an interior under contract). It includes all partitions, doors, and other fixed elements and gives dimensions, notes and references to elevations & details drawn elsewhere
146
What does a reflected ceiling plan show?
This drawing type shows all items that are part of the ceiling, elements that touch the ceiling, & elements that penetrate the ceiling
147
In regard to construction drawings, what does an elevation show?
This type of drawing shows vertical dimensions and the configurations and finishes of wall surfaces
148
What is a title block?
This is the area of a drawing sheet that contains identifying information about the project as well as information specific to the particular sheet
149
In regard to construction drawings, what is layering?
This is the method of placing different information on separate levels in a CAD system when creating a construction drawing
150
In regard to electrical drawing what is a home run?
This is a graphic element on an electrical drawing that uses arrowheads to indicate that the line joining lights or power outlets in connected to a particular circuit breaker in a particular electrical panel box
151
When producing construction drawings for a house remodeling, what type of plan would probably not be necessary?
Demolition plan
152
For a large commercial remodeling project, where is a demolition plan typically placed in the drawing set?
Placed before the construction plan i.e Floor plan
153
In addition to location, typical construction floor plan shows what 2 pieces of information for partitions?
* Thickness
| * Type of partition
154
What is a match line?
This term is used to describe where 2 portions of a large floor plan drawn on two sheets would be joined if combined on one large sheet
155
What is an open dimension and why is it used?
This is undimensioned distance in a string dimension on a floor plan. It is used to accommodate any slight variation caused by the distance being established by other dimensions or existing construction
156
What are two ways to show partition types on a construction floor plan?
* Flag notes
| * Patterns
157
Why are enlarged floor plans used?
These are used to show construction elements, dimensions & other annotation that could not be shown on a small-scale plan
158
Why is the term "reflected" used for the reflected ceiling plan?
This term is used to indicate that this plan has he same orientation as the construction plan (i.e. floor plan)
159
What is shown on the reflected ceiling plan that is also shown on the fire protection plan?
Sprinklers
160
At what scale should the reflected ceiling plan be drawn?
At the same scales as the construction floor plan
161
What should be included on the reflected ceiling plan to refer to more detailed luminaire information?
Code # that refer to a luminaire schedule should be included on this plan
162
Who is responsible for coordinating the reflected ceiling plan with the electrical engineer's lighting plan?
Interior Designer
163
How would the interior designer determine what circuit a particular outlet is connected to?
Home run designations on the electrical engineer's power plan
164
How can the interior designer verify that an outlet is a dedicated outlet?
Electrical engineer's power plan to determine if this type of outlet is on a separate circuit
165
Under what circumstances would the electrical engineer develop a telephone/communication plan separate from a power plan?
When a project has a large # of electrical outlets, computer outlets, telephone jacks, & other communication outlets, the engineer would provide two plans
166
What is sometimes shown on a furniture plan in addition to furniture and furniture keynotes?
Electrical and telephone outlets
167
What should be included on the furniture plan to refer to detailed furniture information?
Code numbers that refer to a furniture schedule or furniture specifications can be included on this plan
168
How is finish plan different from finish schedule?
Finish plan consists of a separate floor plan with notations indicating wall, base & floor finishes. Finish schedule consist of a tabular listing of finishes using room #s to identify the rows of the schedule
169
What surface are typically shown on a finish schedule?
* Floor
* Base
* Wall
* Ceiling
170
What does a section detail show in addition to the cut plane?
This type of detail drawing also shows a partial elevation in that it indicates what is beyond the main view plane
171
What distinguishes reveal overlay cabinetry from other types of cabinetry?
With this type of cabinet construction, the edges of adjacent drawer and door fronts are separated (rather than being very close together) to distinctly show the face frame behind
172
What type of gypsum wallboard must be used for fire-rated partitions?
Type X
173
What is a schedule?
This is a presentation of information in tabular format with rows and columns of data
174
What are the four most common schedule types for interior design projects?
* Door
* Finish
* Kitchen equipment
* Millwork
175
What is the purpose of an approved equal type of specification?
To state the desired product in a specification section but allow for possible alternates submitted by contractor
176
What is used to fit a cabinet tightly to an irregular wall?
A scribe piece is used for this
177
What scales are typically used for interior design floor plans?
* 1/8" = 1'0" (1:100)
| * 1/4" = 1'0" (1:50)
178
What scale is typically used for an enlarge floor plan?
1/2" = 1'0" (1:25)
179
What SI units are used for interior design and architectural drawings, what unit of measure is never used?
Centimeters (cm)
180
What is the standard format for dimensioning on interior design drawings?
Feet & inches
| xx' - xx"
181
What is the standard format for dimensioning on interior design drawing when SI units are used?
The format for this is to omit the suffix abbreviation when indicating a value in millimeters (mm), but to include the suffix abbreviation when indicating a value in meters (m)
182
What does the acronym BIM represent?
Building Information Modeling
183
When are string dimensions used on an interior design drawing?
These are used when two or more lengths in a row must be dimensioned.
184
What is a common format for sheet numbering for medium-size projects when drawings of engineering consultants are included?
Single capital letters, which represent drawing responsibility (A, M, E, etc), followed by sequential numbers is a common format for this
185
On construction drawings, what are the purposes of a border line?
* Confining drawing within a certain area
* Allowing for limitations of plotters
* Providing for paper tears & other edge imperfections
186
What is typically the thickest line used on a drawing?
A profile line typically has this characteristic
187
What is the term for text in a tile block, or elsewhere on a construction drawing, with an identifying number used in the field of the drawing to refer to that text?
Keynotes is used to describe this in the drawing
188
What is the dimension of an architectural D-size drawing?
24" x 36" (610 x 914)
189
On construction floor plan drawings which cardinal direction should be toward the top of the sheet?
North
190
What is a base plan?
This is a floor plan drawing of an existing space that an interior designer uses in developing interior design drawings.
191
What is poche?
This is a graphic shading element (either patterned or solid black) used to fill in walls on a plan or to indicate material types in a section
192
What are the 3 types of axonometric drawings?
* Isometric
* Dimetric
* Trimetric
193
What distinguishes an oblique drawing of an object from an axonometric drawing?
Oblique is drawn so that one plane of the object appears to be parallel to the picture plane.
Axonometric is drawn so that all 3 planes of the object appear to be at an angle to picture plane
194
In perspective drawing, what do VPL and LVP stand for?
Either stand for left vanishing point
195
What kind of drawing is often used as an aid in developing a design concept when a proposed project will occupy more than one floor of a building?
Stacking Diagram
196
What 4 types of information should be included in every programming document?
* The client's goals and objectives
* Required spaces & area requirements
* Required adjacencies between spaces
* Specific client requirements for budget, schedule, furnishings, equipment, and mechanical & electrical systems
197
What is orthographic projection?
This is a method of viewing an object as though the viewer's line of sight were simultaneously perpendicular to every point on the nearest face of the object
198
What characterizes an isometric drawing?
This is a 3-d view of an object in which the object is tilted in relation to the picture plane, with 2 faces of the object most commonly drawn at 30 degree angles to the horizontal
199
What is an oblique drawing?
This is a 3-d drawing with one side of an object parallel to the picture plane
200
What are 3 advantages of computer model?
* Many views
* Fly-throughs
* Realistic rendering
201
What is a flow chart, and why is it used?
This programming analysis tool used to diagram a client's sequential business or work processes
202
How should the interior designer most accurately communicate material and finish choices to the client?
Material and finish samples boards should be used for this
203
During space planning, what is the best type of diagram to show size and position of individual rooms & areas?
A block plan is the best way
204
What does a schematic floor plan show and why is it used?
This plan indicates accurate placement of partitions & doors, plumbing fixtures, and built-in equipment, along with room names, It is used to finalize space planning prior to beginning construction drawings
205
What is a mockup?
This is a full-size representation of a portion of a design or a piece of furniture.
