(G) Fuels Flashcards
(26 cards)
What types of fuels are there?
- Alcohols
- Foods
- Hydrocarbons
What alcohols are fuels?
- Methanol
- Ethanol
- Propanol
- Butanol
- Pentanol
What foods are fuels?
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Protein
What are hydrocarbons?
A substance made of only hydrogen and carbon
What hydrocarbons are fuels?
- petrol
- paraffin
- wax
What is combustion?
Combustion is when a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen and releases heat and energy
What kind of reaction is the combustion of fuels?
Exothermic - releases energy
What is the equation of the combustion of fuels?
fuel + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ heat energy)
Factors that affect what fuel to select
- How easy it is to ignite
- How easy it is to store
- How easy it is to transport
- How much/type of pollution it produce
What are hazards?
A source of harm such as a chemical
What are risks?
A probability that a accident occurs
Types of hazards
- Flammable
- Risk of Explosion
- Toxic
- Pollution
What is flammability?
Chemicals/Fuels that can catch fire easily
What is toxicity?
Chemicals/Fuels that are toxic or chemicals (like most fuels) contain impurities
What polluting occurs from sulphur impurities?
Products from combustion can create impurities
What are joules?
The unit of measurement for energy
What is the symbol of joules?
J
What are kilojoules?
The unit of measurement for energy but is 1000 times larger, for example;
1kJ = 1000J
What are calories and it’s symbol?
The unit of measurement for energy in food and the symbol is cal
What is specific heat capacity?
Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy it takes to increases the temperature of a substance
What is the specific heat capacity of water?
It takes 4.2J/kg°C
What is the unit of specific heat capacity?
J/kg°C
What is the word equation of heat energy?
heat energy = mass of water × specific heat capacity of water × temperature rise
of water
What is the symbol equation of heat energy?
q = m x c x ΔT
q= heat energy
m = mass
c = specific heat capacity of water
ΔT = temperature rise of water
