G. Stages Of Disease Progression

Question 0

Step 2 in the stages of disease progression

Answer 0

Attaching to the host

Question 1

Step 1 in the stages of disease progression

Answer 1

Getting in

Question 2

Step 3 in the stages of disease progression

Answer 2

Surviving host defenses

Question 3

Step 4 in the stages of disease progression

Answer 3

Cause disease

Question 4

4 Portals of entry

Answer 4

Skin

Oral or G.I.

Respiratory tract

Urogenital tract

Question 5

Portals of entry:

Skin

Answer 5

Puncture wound

Penetrate skin

Question 6

Portals of entry:

Respiratory tract

Answer 6

Mouth

Nose

Question 7

Infectious dose

Answer 7

Minimum # to cause infection

Question 8

What’s 3 things do pathogens have that help them stick to host

Answer 8

Fimbriae

Slime

Capsule

Viral spikes

Question 9

Fimbriae

Answer 9

Short, bristle

Question 10

Slime

Answer 10

Loose, thinner, easily washed off

Question 11

Capsule

Answer 11

Tightly bound, thicker

Found on ‘S’ strand of step pneumoniae

Question 12

What two things are glycocalyx

Answer 12

Slime

Capsule

Question 13

Viral spikes

Answer 13

Spikes on a virus

Question 14

The 4 antiphagocytic factors

Answer 14

Leucocidins

Capsules

Coagulase

Hiding in the host - isn’t acellular parasites

Question 15

antiphagocytic factors:

Leucocidins

Answer 15

Kill W.B.C

Pyogenic

Question 16

Pyogenic

Answer 16

Pus formers

Ex. Staph and strep

Question 17

antiphagocytic factors:

Capsules

Answer 17

Help hide from W.B.C

Question 18

antiphagocytic factors:

Coagulase

Answer 18

Cloaks bacteria

Ex. Staph a

Question 19

antiphagocytic factors:

Infra cellular parasites

Answer 19

Hide in the host cell

Question 20

Causing disease

Answer 20

Causing tissue damage and spreading

Question 21

What are the five tissue digesting enzymes

Answer 21

Mucinase

Keritinase

Collagenase

Hyaluronidase

Fibrinolysin

Question 22

Collagenase

Answer 22

Clostridium perfringes (obligate anaerobe)

Ex. Gas gangrene

Question 23

Fibrinolysin

Answer 23

Staph, strep

Question 24

Hyaluronidase

Answer 24

Digest hyaluronic acid Ex. Staph, strep, clostridium

Question 25

Hyaluronic acid

Answer 25

Cell glue

Question 26

Bacterial toxins

Answer 26

Cellular poisons Do the most damage

Question 27

Toxiginicity

Answer 27

Can produce poisons

Question 28

4 bacteria that produce endotoxins Gram + or -

Answer 28

Escherichia (fecal) Salmonella (fecal) Shigella (fecal) Neiserria (menig) All gram -

Question 29

What are the 5 bacterial toxins

Answer 29

Neurotoxins Enterotoxins Hemotoxins Nephrotoxins Respiratory toxins

Question 30

Enterotoxins

Answer 30

Act on intestines

Question 31

Nephrotoxins

Answer 31

Act on kidneys

Question 32

Neurotoxins

Answer 32

Act on nervous system

Question 33

Hemotoxins

Answer 33

Act on RBC, and hemoglobin Have alpha toxin

Question 34

Characteristics of endotoxins: Toxicity Amount req to do harm Heat stable Symptoms

Answer 34

Low High High General systemic symptoms - "fever" pyrogenic

Question 35

Characteristics of exotoxins: Toxicity Amount req to do harm Heat stable Symptoms

Answer 35

High Low Low Clostridium tetani - tetanus Clostridium botulinum - botulism

Question 36

endotoxins are released when?

Answer 36

Only released when the cell dies

Question 37

Exotoxins are released

Answer 37

Secreted when the cell is alive

Question 38

Lipopolysaccharides on a gram - cell

Answer 38

Are endotoxins Cell doesn't secrete

Question 39

Exotoxins: Clostridium tetani What does it cause Where does it work How deadly

Answer 39

Tetanus - spastic paralysis Works @ neuromuscular junction Lockjaw 30% die if untreated DPT vaccine (T - for tetanus)

Question 40

Exotoxins: Clostridium botulinum What does it cause? Where does it work? Where is it found? How deadly?

Answer 40

Botulism - flaccid paralysis - floppy baby Works at neuromuscular junction Found in honey or incorrect processed foods 100% fatal if not treated

Question 41

What two bacteria are spore formers

Answer 41

Clostridium tetani Clostridium botulinum

Question 42

Exotoxin: Bordetella pertussus What does it cause Where does it work

Answer 42

Whooping cough Deactivates respiratory cilia (deactivates mucociling blanket)

Question 43

Exotoxins: Vibrio cholerae What does it cause What does it do

Answer 43

Cholera Extreme salt and water loss (diarrhea)

Question 44

Tetani is How toxic How invasive

Answer 44

High toxicity Low invasiveness

Question 45

Strepto pneumoniae is How toxic How invasive

Answer 45

Low toxicity High invasiveness (has capsule)