GA Geology Flashcards
(41 cards)
What are the 5 soil types?
Sand, Sandy loam, Loam, silt Loam, and clay
What is the ideal soil composition?
50% pores, 45% minerals, 5% organics + microbes
Loose and single grained, falls apart when dry and will briefly mold but fall apart even when moist
Sand
Mostly sand with some silt and clay to make it stickier, still falls apart when dry but maintains a bit more hold if wet
Sandy loam
Mixture of sand, silt and clay, it will hold a form whether wet or dry
Loam
Fine-textured clay with less sand or silt, when dry it forms clods
Silt loam
Finest textured soil that forms clods when dry and is usually elastic and sticky when wet
Clay
What is the order of smallest to largest particle sizes of soil?
Clay (<.002)- Silt (.002-.05mm)- Sand (.05-2mm)- Gravel (2mm-3”)
What constitutes of acidic pH range?
<6.6
What constitutes of neutral pH?
6.6-7.3
What constitutes of basic/ alkaline soil range?
> 7.5
Acidic soils lack ____ & reduces _____
- Nutrients
- Microorganisms & worms
Most compost have a _____pH
Neutral
Microorganisms and earthworms thrive off ________ pH
Neutral
Hardwood trees leave ____ compost
Alkaline
Pine trees leave ______ compost
Acidic
True or false- Alkaline and acidic soils both lose nutrients and reduces microorganisms and worms
True
Few plants survive outside the range of __________ pH
4.0 - 8.5
Georgia soils run a wide range of pH values from ______
3.5 - 8.4
Adding ______ raises the pH of acid soils
Lime
Adding _____ lowers the pH of alkaline soils
Sulfur
T or F: some minerals can be found more available at either end of the spectrum
True
What is soil association?
Landscape that has a distinctive proportional pattern on soils (broad- “appling-cecil”)
What are soil series?
Soils with similar horizon profiles (mid- “appling”
