GACE Flashcards

(56 cards)

0
Q

Morphology

A

The study of the smallest units of language that convey meaning.
Think Morpheme = Meaning
-process of combining phonemes into meaningful words.

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1
Q

Phonology

A

The study of significant units of speech sounds.

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2
Q

Syntax

A

A system of rules for making grammatically correct sentences.
Think Syntax= grammar rules
-arranging words to make a sentence make sense.

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3
Q

Semantics

A

The study of the relationship between words and grammatical forms in a language, as well as underlying meaning.
Think language content
-has to do with word meanings.
-measures expressive and receptive vocabulary skills

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4
Q

Reliability

A

The extent to which a test is consistent.

Example: it will be consistent across test takers, examiners, different versions of the test, etc.

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5
Q

Validity

A

The extent to which a test measures what it’s authors claim that is measures.

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6
Q

Rate or frequency

A

Is the number of times a behavior is displayed in a given period.
-used to measure bxs that are short, happen often, and have an observable beginning.

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7
Q

Acquisition

A

Introduction to new skill

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8
Q

Maintenance

A

Continued practice without further instruction

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9
Q

Proficiency

A

Practice under supervision to achieve accuracy and speed

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10
Q

Generalization

A

Application of new skill in new settings and situations

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11
Q

Axis 1

A

Principal psychiatric diagnosis

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12
Q

Axis 2

A

Developmental problems

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13
Q

Axis 3

A

Physical disorders

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14
Q

Axis 4

A

Psychosocial stressors

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15
Q

Axis 5

A

GAF score

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16
Q

Pragmatics

A

The speakers intent …to influence or control actions or attitudes of others.
-the way language is used to communicate and interact with others.

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17
Q

Duration recording

A

Measuring the length of time a bx lasts

-usually ones that last a long time

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18
Q

Event recording

A

The number of times a target bx occurs during an observation period.

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19
Q

Intensity

A

Degree of a bx as measured by its frequency and duration

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20
Q

The family educational rights and privacy act (1974)

A

Assures confidentiality of student records.

-Buckley Amendment

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21
Q

The Council for Exceptional Children

A

1922

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22
Q

National Assoc of Retarded Children

A

1950

Concerned parents who felt the need for an appropriated public education

23
Q

Brown vs Topeka Board of Education

A

1954

Case guaranteed equal opportunities to a free public education for EVERYONE

24
14th Amendment
Right to due process
25
504 Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Expands an older law by extending it's protection to other areas that receive federal assistance - prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability - section 504 started FAPE
26
IDEA- 1990 | PL 101-476
7 principles that incorporate the concept of normalization: 1: Free Appropriate Public Education 2: Notification and Procedural Rights for Parents 3: Identification and Services to All Children 4: Necessary a Related Services 5: Individualized Assessments 6: Individualized Education Plans 7: Least Restrictive Environment
27
Reauthorization of IDEA 1997 | PL 105-17
``` Major changes to: Evaluation Procedures Parent Rights (participation) Transition (at least 14 and up) Discipline Also, adding extent to which student will NOT be in gen Ed in the PLOPS ```
28
No Child Left Behind 2002
Addresses accountability for student achievement in reading, math, and science. Every students progress is tracked through yearly testing. -this changed special Ed teacher placement
29
Reauthorization of IDEA- 2004 | Pl 108-446
Required all spec Ed teachers on secondary level be no less qualified than other teachers of the subject area. -enforced NCLB's Highly Qualified requirements in the subject area of their curriculum. Stated full inclusion is not always the best option
30
Morpheme
Any word or part of a word, like a prefix, that has meaning.
31
Types of Standard scores
T score Z score Stanine
32
Error Analysis
Examines how and why a person makes a mistake
33
Three aspects of fair assessment for minority groups
Representation Acculturation Language
34
Criterion referenced tests
Measure mastery of a content and does not compare with others.
35
PBIS
IDEA's preferred strategy for handling challenging behaviors of students with disabilities.
36
PBS components
Systems change activities Environmental alterations activities Skill instruction activities Behavioral consequence activities
37
Fixed Ratio
Reinforced after student completes a fixed number of correct responses. The only one that follows a pattern. Ex) 3 correct in a row Used to wean off a continuous reinforcement schedule
38
Continuous reinforcement
Use this type at the beginning of modifying bx
39
Intermittent reinforcement | Variable ratio
Used during maintenance phase- as unwanted bx should occur infrequently at this time
40
Variable Ratio
The number of responses required for reinforcement varies every time. Ex) after every 3rd, 5th, or 8th problem
41
Fixed Interval
Must wait for a fixed time to pass then be reinforced. Ex) after 10 mins if Timmy is in his seat he will be reinforced Ex) every other day
42
Variable Interval
Must wait for a varying length of time then get reinforced. | Time changes and is not fixed
43
Transfer of Learning
Occurs when one task influences performance on another task. Positive: moving from baseball to racquetball Negative: soccer to football
44
Attending Skills
Used to receive a message- such as listening
45
Push-In Teaching
Two teachers teach simultaneously but one group is differentiated
46
Consultant Teaching
Spec Ed teacher consults with Gen Ed before the lesson to help gen Ed teacher differentiate instruction for spec Ed kids. Also they can push in to do small groups with kids. Kids who need consult services usually require little modification
47
Individualized Family Service Plan | PL 99-457
Provides services for children ages 3-5
48
Criterion Referenced Test
Measures the progress made by individuals in mastering specific skills. Could assess functional capabilities and entry level skills also
49
Work study movement
1960s Conducted cooperatively between schools and local rehab service programs. Interagency agreement
50
Career education movement
1970s | Gen Ed and spec Ed k-12
51
Adaptive skills
Social behaviors and daily living skills
52
Functional skills
Function in society as adults - daily living - Occupational - personal social
53
Americans with Disabilities Act | Pl 101-336
Signed into law by Bush in 1990 Gives protection to all kinds of people Guarantees equal opportunities
54
Intermittent reinforcement
After mastery of bx goal | When bx occurs infrequently
55
Interval or time sampling
Best used on quiet behaviors