Gait Deviations

Question 1

Prosthetic Cause of Medial Whip

Answer 1

ER of knee
Tight Socket
Mis-aligned toe break

Question 2

Amputee Cause of Medial Whip

Answer 2

Gait habit
Socket not put on properly
ER of hip at toe-off/hip flexion

Question 3

Prosthetic Cause of Lateral Whip

Answer 3

IR of knee
Loose Socket
Mis-aligned toe break

Question 4

Amputee Cause of Lateral Whip

Answer 4

Gait habit
Socket not put on properly
IR of hip at toe-off/hip flexion

Question 5

Prosthetic Cause of Abducted Gait

Answer 5

Prosthesis too long
Medial wall too high
Insufficient femoral stability
Induces medial whip

Question 6

Amputee Cause of Abducted Gait

Answer 6

Abduction contracture

Poor gait habit, patient insecure and desires wide base in belief it will increase stability

Question 7

Prosthetic Cause of Circumducted Gait

Answer 7

Long Prosthesis
Excessive knee friction
Excessive knee stability

Question 8

Amputee Cause of Circumducted Gait

Answer 8

Lack of confidence in flexing knee
Abduction contracture
Weak hip flexors
Habit, using entire hip and pelvis to initiate gait

Question 9

Prosthetic Cause of Vaulting Gait

Answer 9

Long prosthesis
Poor suspension
Excessive plantar flexion of foot
Excessive knee resistance or stability

Question 10

Amputee Cause of Vaulting Gait

Answer 10

Gait habit, fear of catching toe
Weak hip flexors on residual limb
Improper initiation of hip flexors on residual limb

Question 11

Prosthetic Cause of Heel Rise Gait

Answer 11

Inadequate extension aid
Insufficient knee friction
Improper knee selection

Question 12

Amputee Cause of Heel Rise Gait

Answer 12

Excessive use of hip flexors to initiate swing phase, overpowering knee unit

Question 13

Prosthetic Cause of Knee Instability Gait

Answer 13

Excessive dorsiflexion
Knee aligned in unstable position (TKA)
Insufficient socket flexion
Mal-alignment of foot

Question 14

Amputee Cause of Knee Instability Gait

Answer 14

Weak hip extensors

Hip flexion contracture

Question 15

Prosthetic Cause of Uneven Timing: Short prosthetic step

Answer 15

Socket pain
Weak extension aid
Unstable knee
Excessive Dorsiflexion
Poor Suspension

Question 16

Amputee Cause of Uneven Timing: Short prosthetic step

Answer 16

Patient insecurity
Weak hip muscles
Poor balance

Question 17

Prosthetic Cause of Uneven Timing: Long prosthetic step

Answer 17

Excessive plantar flexion of foot
Insufficient initial socket flexion
Long toe lever arm

Question 18

Amputee Cause of Uneven Timing: Long prosthetic step

Answer 18

Flexion contracture
Patient insecurity
Pain on sound side

Question 19

Prosthetic Cause of Lateral Shift Gait

Answer 19

Prosthetic foot too far inset

Excessive socket abduction

Question 20

Amputee Cause of Lateral Shift Gait

Answer 20

Weak hip abductors

Narrow gait base

Question 21

Prosthetic Cause of Lateral Trunk Bend

Answer 21

Foot too far forward
Ineffective lateral socket containment
High medial wall
Aligned in abduction

Question 22

Amputee Cause of Lateral Trunk Bend

Answer 22

Inadequate balance
Abduction contracture
Short residual limb
Habits

Question 23

Prosthetic Cause of Toe Drag

Answer 23

Long prosthesis
Excessive plantar flexion
Excessive knee friction

Question 24

Amputee Cause of Toe Drag

Answer 24

Weak hip abductors on sound side
Poor posture
Poor gait habits

Question 25

Observation of patient who has a long prosthesis

Answer 25

Patient reports low back pain Patient reports they feel like they are walking up a hill Noticeable rise and drop of shoulder on the affected side Reduced swing of the arm on the affected side, exaggerated swing with arm on sound side

Question 26

Poor Gait Habit (Amputee cause) can cause which gait deviations?

Answer 26

``` Medial Whip Lateral Whip Abducted Circumducted Vaulting Lateral Trunk Bend Toe Drag ```

Question 27

Poor Posture can lead to which gait deviations?

Answer 27

Toe Drag

Question 28

Weak hip abductors can contribute to which type of gait deviation?

Answer 28

Toe Drag (weak on sound side) & Lateral Shift

Question 29

A Short Residual Limb can contribute to which type of gait deviation?

Answer 29

Lateral Trunk Bend

Question 30

Abduction Contracture can contribute to which type of gait deviation?

Answer 30

Lateral Trunk Bend Abduction Circumducted

Question 31

Poor balance can contribute to which type of gait deviations?

Answer 31

Lateral Trunk Bend | Uneven Timing: Short Prosthetic Step

Question 32

Narrow Base gait can lead to which gait deviation?

Answer 32

Lateral Shift

Question 33

Pain on sound side can lead to which gait deviation?

Answer 33

Uneven Timing: Long Prosthetic Step

Question 34

Patient insecurity can lead to which gait deviations?

Answer 34

``` Uneven Timing: Long Prosthetic Step Uneven Timing: Short Prosthetic Step Circumducted Vaulting (Fear of catching toe) Abducted (Patient insecure and desires wide base in belief it will increase stability) ```

Question 35

Flexion contracture can lead to which type of gait deviations?

Answer 35

Uneven Timing: Long Prosthetic Step Knee Instability Medial Whip Lateral Whip

Question 36

Weak hip extensors can lead to which gait deviation?

Answer 36

Knee Instability

Question 37

Weak hip flexors can contribute to which gait deviations?

Answer 37

Vaulting | Circumducted

Question 38

If the socket is not put on properly, it can contribute to which gait deviations?

Answer 38

Medial Whip | Lateral Whip

Question 39

ER of hip at toe-off can contribute to which gait deviation?

Answer 39

Medial Whip

Question 40

IR of hip at toe-off can contribute to which gait deviation?

Answer 40

Lateral Whip

Question 41

Excessive knee friction can contribute to which gait deviations? What about Insufficient knee friction?

Answer 41

Toe Drag Circumducted Heel Rise (insufficient)

Question 42

Excessive plantarflexion can contribute to which gait deviations?

Answer 42

Uneven Timing: Long Prosthetic Step | Toe Drag

Question 43

Long Prosthesis can contribute to which gait deviations?

Answer 43

Abducted Circumducted Vaulting Toe Drag

Question 44

Socket abduction can contribute to which gait deviations?

Answer 44

Lateral Shift | Lateral Trunk Bend

Question 45

If the medial wall is too high, it can contribute to which gait deviations?

Answer 45

Lateral Trunk Bend | Abducted

Question 46

Ineffective lateral socket containment can contribute to which gait deviations?

Answer 46

Lateral Trunk Bend