gamelan

Question 1

tuning system

Answer 1

pelog: 7 tone unequal intervals
slendro: 5 tone equal intervals

Question 2

texture

Answer 2

polyphonic stratification
heterophony

Question 3

structure

Answer 3

basic melody that is repeated
largest gong marks end of melody
each rendition of the basic melody->gong cycle

Question 4

gamelan vs chinese

Answer 4

know their role, play specific things on instruments
improv according to instruments medium

Question 5

gong

Answer 5

length of gong cycle and combination of gong cycle contributes to form of piece

Question 6

larger vs smaller instruments

Answer 6

lower, less notes
higher, faster and more notes

Question 7

role of instruments

Answer 7

drums: standard rhythmic pattern

drummer: in charge of tempo
largest gong marks on cycle of basic melody that will be repeated throughout piece

other gongs plays at specific points or play time-keeping function

metallophones play basic melody and variation

other elaborating instruments, fiddle play melody line

Question 8

gong ageng (gong)

Answer 8

largest
struck with padded mallet

Question 9

kempul (gong)

Answer 9

set of hanging, knobbed gongs
wooden mallet with ball shape head with heavy padding on a short wooden handle

Question 10

bonang barung (gong chimes)

Answer 10

starts piece
12 small gongs played horizontally
hit with padded sticks
2 octave

Question 11

bonang panerus (gong chimes)

Answer 11

vs barung
pitched one octave higher
fastest rhythm
interlocking with or playing at twice speed

Question 12

kethuk and kempyang (gong chimes)

Answer 12

beat keepers
play different repeating patterns every gong cycle

Question 13

kenong (gong chimes)

Answer 13

played with padded sticks
largest
one note per set

Question 14

saron barung (metallophones)

Answer 14

plays main melody
seven bronze bars on top of resonating frame
struck with wooden mallet
other hand used to dampen previous note by grasping the key to prevent muddy sound

Question 15

saron demung (metallophones)

Answer 15

vs saron barung
octave lower

Question 16

peking (metallophones)

Answer 16

mallet made of water buffalo horn
vs saron barung
octave higher

Question 17

gambang

gender

slenthem

Answer 17

xylophone
long thin mallets

tapped with 2 mallets made of padded wooden disks

shorter handle vs gender

Question 18

zither (x)

Answer 18

plucked strings
played with thumbnails
finger to dampen

Question 19

rebab

Answer 19

counter melody
2 string bowed lute consisting of a wooden body, covered with fine stretch skin

Question 20

suling

Answer 20

counter melody: play at end of melodic phrases
solos are rhythmically free and played over the gongs
high pitched and free rhythm
bamboo flute
vertical

Question 21

kendang

Answer 21

rhythm: keep time
double sided membrane, one side bigger(lower-pitched)
hit with hands/sticks on either side while seated

Question 22

balungan

Answer 22

main melody
same balungan can be varied by ensembles from diff regions

Question 23

Irama (x)

Answer 23

加花
level of Irama determins tempo of balungan
lower Irama, slower balungan tempo
pieces starts fast then slows down
changes led by drummer