GAMETOGENESIS

Question 1

In testis, immature ________ produce sperms by ________ that begins at ___________.

Answer 1

male germ cells(spermatogonia), spermatogenesis, puberty

Question 2

Spermatogonia are present on the outside/inside wall of seminiferous tubules.

Answer 2

Inside

Question 3

Each spermatogonium is haploid/diploid and contains ____________(no.) chromosomes

Answer 3

diploid, 46

Question 4

Spermatogonia divide by ________ to increase in numbers.

Answer 4

mitosis

Question 5

Some of the spermatogonia called ________ periodically undergo meiosis

Answer 5

Primary spermatocytes

Question 6

Primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis 2 to form 2 equal, diploid cells called secondary spermatocytes

True/false

Answer 6

False

Meiosis 1, haploid cells

Question 7

Secondary spermatocytes undergo ________ to produce ________(no.) equal, haploid ___________.

Answer 7

Meiosis 2 , 4, spermatids

Question 8

Spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa(sperms) by the process called ______________.

Answer 8

spermiogenesis

Question 9

After spermiogenesis, sperm heads become embedded in ___________

Answer 9

Sertoli cells

Question 10

Process of the final release of sperms from seminiferous tubules is called ____________

Answer 10

Spermiation

Question 11

Spermatogenesis starts at the age of ________ due to significant increase/decrease in secretion of ____________ hormone.

Answer 11

Puberty, increase, gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH)

Question 12

GnRH is a pituitary hormone.

True/false

Answer 12

False

Hypothalamic

Question 13

GnRH acts on ____________ and stimulates secretion of 2 gonadotropins , ________ and _________

Answer 13

anterior pituitary, luteinising hormone(LH) , follicle stimulating hormone ( FSH)

Question 14

LH acts at the ________ and stimulates the synthesis and secretion of ___________

Answer 14

Leydig cells, androgens

Question 15

Androgens stimulate the process of __________

Answer 15

Spermatogenesis

Question 16

FSH acts on ____________ and stimulates secretion of ___________

Answer 16

Sertoli cells, some factors which help in spermiogenesis

Question 17

Sperm consists of :- (4)

Answer 17

Head, neck, middle piece, tail

Question 18

A plasma membrane envelopes the head of the sperm.

True/false

Answer 18

False

Whole body

Question 19

The sperm________ contains an short/elongated haploid nucleus.

Answer 19

head, elongated

Question 20

The anterior/posterior portion of haploid nucleus is covered by a ____ like structure called _________

Answer 20

Anterior, cap, acrosome

Question 21

The acrosome is filled with ________ that help in ________

Answer 21

enzymes, fertilisation of the ovum

Question 22

The middle piece possesses few mitochondria

True/false

Answer 22

False

Numerous

Question 23

Mitochondria produce energy for ________________ which facilitates _____

Answer 23

movement of the tail, sperm motility

Question 24

The human male ejaculates about ____________(no.) sperms during a coitus(sexual intercourse).

Answer 24

200-300 million

Question 25

For normal fertility, at least ________ % sperms must have normal __________

Answer 25

60, shape and size

Question 26

For normal fertility , 40 percent of the total sperms ejaculated must show vigorous motility. | True/false

Answer 26

False | 40% of the sperms with normal shape and size - 24% of total

Question 27

Sperms released from seminiferous tubules are transported by ___________

Answer 27

Accessory ducts

Question 28

Secretions of epididymis and glands are essential for ________ and ________ of sperms

Answer 28

Maturation, motility

Question 29

Semen constitutes ________ and __________

Answer 29

Seminal plasma, sperms

Question 30

Testicular hormones(androgens) function?

Answer 30

Maintain the functions of male sex accessory ducts and glands

Question 31

Process of formation of mature female gamete is called ____________

Answer 31

oogenesis

Question 32

Oogenesis starts during ________ stage

Answer 32

embryonic development

Question 33

Oogonia are also called ____________

Answer 33

gamete mother cells

Question 34

Couple of millions of oogonia are formed within each ________ ovary

Answer 34

fetal

Question 35

No more oogonia are formed and added after birth. | True/false

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Oogonia start division and enter into ________ of mitotic/meiotic division and get temporarily arrested at that stage, called __________

Answer 36

Prophase - 1 , meiotic , primary oocytes

Question 37

Each primary oocyte gets surrounded by layer of ____________ cells and then called the __________

Answer 37

Granulosa, primary follicle

Question 38

A large no. of ____________ degenerate during the phase from birth to puberty.

Answer 38

Primary follicles

Question 39

At puberty, how many primary follicles are left in each ovary ?

Answer 39

60,000 - 80,000

Question 40

How do primary follicles convert to secondary follicles?

Answer 40

Surrounded by more granulosa cells and a new theca

Question 41

Tertiary follicle properties (2)?

Answer 41

1.Fluid filled cavity called antrum present 2.Theca layer organised into an inner theca interna and outer theca externa

Question 42

In which stage does the primary oocyte grows and completes its first meiotic division.

Answer 42

Tertiary follicle

Question 43

1st meiotic division is an equal division resulting in formation of a 2 large haploid secondary oocytes. | True/false

Answer 43

False | Unequal, 1 large haploid secondary oocyte , tiny 1st polar body

Question 44

Which body retains bulk of the nutrient rich cytoplasm of primary oocyte?

Answer 44

Secondary oocyte

Question 45

The tertiary follicle further changes into ________or _______

Answer 45

Mature follicle or Graafian follicle

Question 46

The secondary oocyte forms a new membrane called ____________ surrounding itself

Answer 46

Zona pellucida

Question 47

Graafian follicle ruptures to release ____________ from ovary by the process called _________

Answer 47

secondary oocyte, ovulation

Question 48

Secondary oocyte undergoes Meiosis 2 to form ____ and _______

Answer 48

Ovum, second polar body