Ganglionic Agents Flashcards
Name the two broad categories of autonomic receptors.
Cholinergic (Ach) and adrenergic (NE or EPI) receptors
Name the two types of acetylcholine receptors.
Nicotinic and muscarinic
Nicotinic receptors are also known as what?
Ionotropic (pentamer)
Muscarinic receptors are also known as what?
Metabotrophic
Acetylcholine acts on what two receptor types?
Nicotinic and muscarinic
Where are nicotinic receptors located?
Neuromuscular junction AND ALL sympathetic and parasympathetic presynaptic nerve fibers.
Where are muscurinic receptors located?
Parasympathic postganglionic (cardiac and smooth muscle, gland cells, nerve terminals)
Sympathetic postganglionic (sweat glands)
Nicotine
Nicotinic (Ach) agonist
Stimulant: Inc BP, Inc HR, Inc respiration
Toxicity: Convulsions, vomiting, cardiovacular
Metabolized and excreted quickly
Name the two ganglionic blocking agents.
Trimethapan and Mecamylamine (Nicotinic antagonist)
Trimethapan
Nicotinic-antagonist
Lowers BP during surgery
Not oral (IV injection)
Side effects: PHT, mydriasis
Treatment of PHT with pressor agent (EPI)
Mecamylamine
Nicotinic-antagonist
Lowers BP during surgery
Active orally, longer acting
Side effects: PHT, mydriasis
Treatment of PHT with pressor agent (EPI)
Treatment of poisoning from ganglionic stimulants.
Depends on system affected
- Muscarinic excess -> Anticholinergic (Atropine (Reverses AchE inhibition)
- NMJ blockade -> Mechanical respiration
- CNS stimulation -> Anticonvulsant (Diazepam)
