Gas exchange

Question 1

Gas exchange characteristics?

Answer 1

-oxygen enter body and carbon dioxide leaves
-occurs thru diffiusion, gas moves from high to low concentration
-SA is important bc more surface means more space for gases to diffuse
-distance gas travels effects how quickly they can diffuse
-GE is more efficiant when the surface is thin and the concentration difference is large

Question 2

Application of SA/V ratios

Answer 2

-The SA/V ratio compares the SA of an organism to its volume
-small organisms have a high SA/V ratio, allowing easy gas exchange thru there surface
-Larger organisms have a low SA/V ratio, need systems like lungs or gills for gas exchange
-as organisms grow bigger, their volume increases faster than SA, making gas exchange harder
-Lungs and gills increase SA to help larger organisms exchange gas efficiently

Question 3

Parts of the respiratory system?

Answer 3

-Nose/Mouth
-Trachea
-Bronchi
-lungs
-diaphragm

Question 4

Pathway of Air?

Answer 4

-enters through nose or mouth
-travels down pharynx to the larynx
-moves down to trachea, splitting into the bronchi
-bronchi divides into smaller bronchioles in lungs
-air reaches alveoli, where O2 enters blood, and carbon dioxide is removed

Question 5

Functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 5

-Oxygen intake
-carbon dioxide removal
-Speech, using vocal cords in the larynx
-Regulation of blood pH, controls levels of CO2 in blood to maintain pH

Question 6

How is breathing rate regulated in humans?

Answer 6

-If CO2 is high or O2 is low, the brain tells the body to breath faster to get rid of CO2 and take in more O2
-If CO2 is low or O2 is high, the brain slows down breathing rate because the body has enough O2

Question 7

Pathway of blood flow in the heart?

Answer 7

IVC-RA-RV-PA-PV-LA-LV-Aorta-body

Question 8

What part of the blood flow pathway is low oxygen?

Answer 8

RA, RV, PA

Question 9

What part of the blood flow pathway is high oxygen?

Answer 9

LA,LV,aorta