Gas Exchange and Oxygenation Flashcards
(25 cards)
a nurse is discussing afib with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of afib?
“Atrial fibrillation is caused by electrical signals that come from the ventricles.”
“Atrial fibrillation causes a lower-than-expected heart rate.”
“Atrial fibrillation is caused by electrical signals outside of the SA node.”
“Atrial fibrillation causes diaphoresis in most clients.”
“Atrial fibrillation is caused by electrical signals outside of the SA node.”
a nurse is assisting with planning to measure the cardiac output of a client who had a MI. Which of the following data should the nurse use to calculate the clients cardiac output?
Respiratory rate
Blood pressure
Stroke volume
Vital capacity
Stroke volume
Rationale:
The nurse should use stroke volume to calculate the client’s cardiac output. Cardiac output is a measurement of the volume of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 min. Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying the client’s heart rate by the client’s stroke volume.
a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a rx for home oxygen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
select all that apply
Post a “No Smoking” sign inside the home.
Attach oxygen containers to a fixed object.
Store spare oxygen containers in a closet.
Notify the fire department that oxygen is used in the home.
Ensure oxygen tubing is no longer than 60 feet in length.
Post a “No Smoking” sign inside the home.
Attach oxygen containers to a fixed object.
Notify the fire department that oxygen is used in the home
a nurse is collecting data from a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify that which of the following is an expected finding?
Jugular vein distension
Clubbing of the fingers
Heart murmur
Paradoxical breathing
Clubbing of the fingers
a nurse is performing chest percussion therapy on a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Perform chest percussion therapy six times per day.
Listen for a hollow sound when performing chest percussion therapy.
Use flat hands to perform chest percussion therapy.
Apply chest percussion therapy over the client’s ribs.
Listen for a hollow sound when performing chest percussion therapy.
a nurse is collecting data from a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as risk factors for heart disease?
select all that apply
A diet high in saturated fats
A history of an overactive bladder
A history of smoking for 25 years
A sedentary lifestyle
A waist circumference of 84 cm (33 in)
A diet high in saturated fats
A history of smoking for 25 years
A sedentary lifestyle
a nurse is assisting with planning care for a group of client on a cardiopulmonary unit. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to see first?
A client who is taking a new cholesterol-lowering medication
A client who reports dyspnea when walking to the bathroom
A client who has a new diagnosis of aortic valve stenosis and needs a referral to a cardiologist
A client who has asthma and is being discharged to home
A client who reports dyspnea when walking to the bathroom
a nurse is discussing ventilation and perfusion with a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should include in the discussion that the exchange for oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs at which of the following locations?
Trachea
Alveoli
Diaphragm
Bronchial tubes
Alveoli
a nurse is assisting in the care of a client who requires 7L of O2 to maintain oxygen saturation. Which of the following Oxygen delivery devices should the nurse expect to use?
Low-flow nasal cannula
Nonrebreather mask
Partial rebreather mask
Simple face mask
Simple face mask
a nurse is assisting in the care of a client who requires 1L of O2. Which of the following oxygen delivery devices should the nurse expect to use?
Nasal cannula
Nonrebreather mask
Partial rebreather mask
Simple face mask
Nasal cannula
a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has an abdominal incision about coughing and deep breathing. In which order should the nurse instruct the client to perform the following steps?
“hold you breath for several seconds.”
“take a deep breath.”
“brace the incision with a pillow and try to cough deeply.”
“exhale slowly.”
“take a deep breath.”
“hold you breath for several seconds.”
“exhale slowly.”
“brace the incision with a pillow and try to cough deeply.”
a nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has a chest tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Monitor the client for subcutaneous emphysema.
Expect continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber.
Keep the drainage system above the level of the client’s chest.
Clamp the chest tube tubing when the client ambulates.
Monitor the client for subcutaneous emphysema.
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the client for subcutaneous emphysema, which can indicate a leak or blockage of the system.
a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for an incentive spirometer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
“Exhale into the incentive spirometer.”
“Use the incentive spirometer every hour while awake.”
“Hold your breath for 10 seconds when using the incentive spirometer.”
“Use the incentive spirometer two times each session.”
“Use the incentive spirometer every hour while awake.”
a nurse is caring for a client who has atelectasis. The nurse should identify that which of the following substances is required to keep the client’s alveoli form collapsing and cause atelectasis?
Lymphatic fluid
Oxygenated blood
Synovial fluid
Surfactant
Surfactant
a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving supplemental O2 for hypoxia. The nurse should identify that which of the following can cause hypoxia?
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Smoke inhalation
Administration of a stimulant medication
Right-sided heart failure
Smoke inhalation
a nurse is auscultating a clients heart sounds and hears a low-pitched whooshing or blowing sound over the apex of the heat. The nurse should identify that this indicates which of the following?
Tachycardia
Murmur
Gallop
Stroke volume
Murmur
a nurse is explaining the sequence of electrical conduction in the heart to a newly licensed nurse. What should the nurse include as the correct sequence of the transmission of electrical impulses?
SA node is the first step. The electrical impulses of the heart move from the SA node, then to the AV node, then to the bundle of His, then to the right and left bundle branches, and finally to the Purkinje fibers, to produce a heartbeat.
a nurse is suction a client’s tracheostomy using an open system. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Use clean technique to perform the procedure.
Apply suction when inserting the catheter.
Administer 100% oxygen before the procedure.
Suction the tracheostomy for 20 seconds each time.
Administer 100% oxygen before the procedure.
a nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving oxygen therapy. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings can indicate oxygen toxicity?
Hypertension
Ringing in the ears
Fever
Dilated pupils
Ringing in the ears
Rationale: The nurse should identify that ringing in the ears, as well as headache, disorientation, and muscle twitching, can indicate oxygen toxicity.
a nurse is caring for a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Crackles in the lungs
Edema of the lower extremities
A rapid, irregular heart rate
A systolic murmur
Crackles in the lungs
a nurse is collecting data from a client who is being discharged. The nurse notes the client has regular and quiet breathing. The nurse should identify this breathing pattern as which of the following?
Normal breathing
Kussmaul breathing
Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Apnea
Normal breathing
a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new RX for continuous positive airway pressure machine to treat obstructive sleep apnea. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
“Use the CPAP mask during the daytime.”
“Cover your nose with the CPAP mask.”
“Medications to assist with breathing can be administered through the CPAP machine.”
“You will need supplemental oxygen to use the CPAP machine.”
“Cover your nose with the CPAP mask.”
a nurse is caring for a client who has a history of asthma and is wheezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Auscultate the lung sounds.
Document the respiratory rate.
Obtain the oxygen saturation.
Check the capillary refill.
Obtain the oxygen saturation.
a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about pulmonary function tests. The nurse should include that which of the following is the vital capacity?
The volume of air inspired and expired with a regular breath.
The maximum volume of air that is expired after a maximum inspiration.
The amount of additional air that can be inspired after a regular inspiration.
The amount of air in the lung after maximal inspiration.
The maximum volume of air that is expired after a maximum inspiration.
