Gas Laws

Question 1

Moles and gas volume

Answer 1

1811 Amedeo Avogadro shared how volume of gas was related to amount of gas present.

His hypothesis was equal volumes of gas at the same temperature and pressure contain the same no of particles. Irrespective of the composition of the gas.

Molar Volume: Defined as a fixed no of particles it follows equal volumes of different gases measures it the same temperature and pressure contain the same no of moles.

Recount: Volume of a gas is related to the amount of gas present.

Question 2

Standard Conditions

Answer 2

STP standard temperature and pressure is molar volume of a gas is 22.71L.

Standard lab conditions SLC molar volume of a gas is 24.79L.

Volume of gas is fixed but volume of container can be compressed.

Question 3

Formula

Answer 3

No of moles of gas = volume of gas at STP/volume of 1 mole of gas at STP

n = V/22.71

Question 4

Real and ideal Gas

Answer 4

Real: particles have volume, energy lost in collision and intermolecular forces.

Ideal: Particles have no volume collisions are elastic and no interactions between particles. PV = nRT. Occurs at low temperatures and high pressures.

P is pressure, v is volume, n is moles, r is universal gas constant (8.31JK is also 0.082L)

At high temp and low pressures RG and acts like IG.

Question 5

Kinetic Theory

Answer 5

States that temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles. Pressure is due to collisions of the molecules with the walls of the container.

Question 6

Gas particles

Answer 6

Space between particles = compressible, low density and rapidly diffuses and mix.

Negligible forces between particles = occupied container and low density.

Continual rapid random straight line motion elastic collisions = exert pressure and rapidly diffuse and mix.

Question 7

Charlies, Boyles and combined gas law

Answer 7

Charlies is for a mixed quantity of gas at constant pressure the volume increases proportionally linearly with temp.
V/t = constant
V1/t1 = V2/t2

Boyles is constant temperature the volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure.
P1V1 = P2V2

CGL is for dealing with gases temperatures and pressures.

P1V1/t1 = P2V2/t2