Gas Laws Unit Flashcards
What is gas pressure a result of?
many collisions of gas particles with the walls of their container
What is vapor pressure?
an indication of the evaporation rate
How can vapor pressure be increased?
by increasing the rate of evaporation which can be increased by increasing temperature
If inter molecular forces are strong, what happens to vapor pressure?
it becomes low because the particles are harder to evaporate
What is Boyle’s Law?
If volume increases, pressure decreases
What is Charles’s Law?
If pressure remains constant, as volume increases, temperature also increases
What is Dalton’s law of Partial Pressure?
The total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of the gases
What is Graham’s Law of Gas Effusion?
Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, gases diffuse at a rate inversely proportional to the square roots of their densities
Combined Gas Law
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
Charles’ Law Formula
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Boyle’s Law Formula
P1xV1 = P2xV2
Dalton’s law of Partial Pressure Formula
Rate1/Rate2 = square root of Mass2/Mass1
Why were ideal gases created?
Under certain extreme conditions, real gases do not behave as predicted by the gas laws. To explain these deviations, chemists created the “ideal gas” as an imaginary gas which would always behave according to the prediction of the gas laws.
What are the deviations from ideal gas behavior?
Under high pressure and low temperature, real gases behave least like ideal gases. This is because in real gases, the particles are close together and have attractive forces. It pulls them together and produces a smaller volume than the gas laws predict. Real gases deviate under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure.
What is an ideal gas and what is its properties?
An imaginary gas that obeys the gas laws perfectly under all conditions. The particles have no volume. Collisions between the particles are elastic and don’t lose energy. There are no attractive forces between the particles.
