Gas Unit Flashcards
(39 cards)
What physical state is characterized by potential cohesive forces and kinetic disruptive forces of about the same magnitude?
Liquid
In a gas, particles are relatively near and move _______.
freely over one another
What is the state of molecules in a gas?
in constant random motion
In a solid, the cohesive forces are _______ compared to disruptive forces.
dominant
What type of forces are very weak in gases?
Intermolecular
What type of molecules have very weak attractive forces?
polar molecules
What is the characteristic of ionic compounds regarding particle interaction?
electrostatic interactions
In gases, the forces of attraction between particles are considered to be _______.
zero
What term refers to the theory stating that gases consist of large numbers of molecules in constant random motion?
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
What describes the movement of particles in a liquid state?
randomly packed but able to move independently
What are the two types of molecules mentioned in the context of attractive forces?
polar molecules and non-polar molecules
True or False: Non-polar molecules usually have strong intermolecular attractions.
False
What is the primary characteristic of non-polar molecules
They are symmetrical in molecular geometric shape
What is the effect of temperature on the kinetic energy of gas molecules?
Increases kinetic energy
What type of molecular forces are typically weak in large non-polar molecules?
dispersion forces
What is the SI unit for pressure?
Pascal (Pa)
1 Pascal = 1 Newton/m²
What is the relationship between the average kinetic energy of gas molecules and absolute temperature?
Proportional
The average kinetic energy increases with temperature
What does a closed system refer to in gas pressure and volume?
A system not open to the atmosphere
This means no mass exchange with surroundings
What causes pressure in a gas?
Collisions of gas molecules against surfaces
Pressure results from the force exerted by molecules colliding with an area
Fill in the blank: Pressure is the amount of force exerted on an area, defined as _______.
[force/area]
What is the formula to calculate pressure?
P = F/A
P = Pressure, F = Force, A = Area
What is the conversion of kilopascals (kPa) to pascals (Pa)?
1 kPa = 1000 Pa
10 kPa = 10,000 Pa
