Gaseous Exchange Systems Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the role of specialized surfaces and body organs in multicellular organisms?
They are specialized for exchanging materials.
What increases the effectiveness of exchange surfaces in plants and animals?
A large surface area and a short distance for diffusion.
Give an example of a structure with a large surface area in plants.
The flattened shape of leaves.
What are alveoli and their function?
They are structures in the respiratory system that increase surface area for gas exchange.
What are villi and their role in the body?
They are structures in the digestive system that increase surface area for nutrient absorption.
What is a key feature of effective exchange surfaces regarding the distance for diffusion?
They require a short distance for diffusion.
How thick are the walls of blood capillaries?
They are one cell thick.
What is the thickness of the epithelia of alveoli in the respiratory system?
They are only one cell thick.
Fill in the blank: The _______ of cells allows for effective material exchange.
membranes
True or False: A large surface area is not important for effective exchange surfaces.
False
List two examples of structures that increase the surface area for material exchange.
- Leaves
- Alveoli
What encloses the lungs?
The thorax
The thorax is the part of the body between the neck and the abdomen.
What muscles are responsible for moving the ribs?
Intercostal muscles
These muscles are located between the ribs.
What type of membranes seal the lungs?
Pleural membranes
These membranes create an airtight seal around the lungs.
What is the function of the trachea?
It serves as the windpipe for air passage
The trachea branches into two bronchi.
What does the trachea branch into?
Two bronchi
One bronchus leads to each lung.
What structural feature helps keep the trachea open?
Rings of cartilage
These rings prevent the trachea from collapsing.
What are the microscopic air sacs at the end of bronchioles called?
Alveoli
Alveoli are the primary site for gas exchange.
What is the role of blood capillaries in the respiratory system?
They facilitate gas exchange
Blood capillaries surround alveoli, allowing oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass.
Fill in the blank: The lungs are surrounded by _______.
pleural membranes
True or False: The diaphragm is located above the lungs.
False
The diaphragm is positioned below the lungs.
What is the process of breathing in called?
Inhalation
Inhalation is when air rich in oxygen enters the lungs.
What structures do air pass through to reach the alveoli?
Trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
These are the pathways for air to reach the tiny air sacs in the lungs.
What happens to oxygen in the alveoli?
Oxygen moves from the air in the alveoli into the blood in capillaries
This exchange is crucial for oxygenating blood.
