Gases and the law of combining volumes Flashcards
(21 cards)
what is Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volumes?
ratio of gases consumed or produced in a chemical reaction can be given as a simple whole number
ratios of combining volumes for any reaction reflect the ____ ratios of the gases in the ____ chemical reaction
mole, balanced
what did Avogadro propose about gas volumes?
equal volumes of different gases contain the same number of particles
the molar volume is the ___ that ___ mole of any ideal gas occupies at a given ___ and ___
volume, ONE, temp and pressure
molar volume at STP (0 degrees celcius, 100kPa)
refer to formula sheet
22.71 L
molar volume at RTP (25 degrees celcius, 100kPa)
refer to formula sheet
24.79
moles (n)= volume (V)/ ____
molar volume (MV)
kinetic molecular theory of ideal gases:
gases are composed of ____ of negligible volume that are ___ ___; most of the volume is _____ space
particles, far apart, empty
kinetic molecular theory of ideal gases:
gas particles have ____, ____ motion and move in ___ lines unless they ___
constant, rapid, straight, collide
kinetic molecular theory of ideal gases:
collisions are perfectly ____; kinetic energy is ____ in collisions
elastic, conserved
kinetic molecular theory of ideal gases:
____ intermolecular forces between gas particles
NO
kinetic molecular theory of ideal gases:
average kinetic ___ depends on absolute ____ in degrees ____.
energy, temperature, Kelvin
5 rules of kinetic molecular theory of ideal gases:
- most of the volume of gases is empty space
- gas particles move in a constant, rapid motion and in straight lines
- collisions are perfectly elastic, all energy conserved
- no intermolecular forces between gas particles
- average kinetic energy depends on absolute temperature in Kelvin
what is Boyle’s law?
pressure is inversely proportional to volume
P1V1=P2V2
what is Charles’s law?
volume is directly proportional to temperature
V1/T1= V2/T2
what is Gay- Lussac’s law?
pressure is directly proportional to temperature
P1/T1= P2/T2
what is Avogadro’s law?
volume is directly proportional to the number of moles
temperature MUST be in___
KELVIN
what is the combined gas law?
pressure and volume are inversely proportional to temperature
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
what is the ideal gas law equation? what does each part mean
PV=nRT
pressure(kPa)volume(L)= number of molesconstant(8.314)*tempera ture(Kelvin)
real gases are ___ ideal, but closely/loosely follow laws EXCEPT at very ___ temps and very ___ pressures
this is basically due to the presence of _____ ____ between molecules, thus breaking the laws of ideal gases
NOT, closely, low, high, intermolecular forces
