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Gastro > Gastro > Flashcards

Gastro Flashcards

1
Q

MC congenital anomaly of the esophagus?

A

Esophageal atresia

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2
Q

MC form of EA wherein the upper esophagus ends in a blind pouch and the TEF is connected to the distal esophagus?

A

TYPE C

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3
Q

What type of intestinal atresia will produce an apple peel appearance?

A

IIIB

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4
Q

MC symptom of malrotation in the 1st mo of life

A

VOMITING

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5
Q

Infants often presents in the 1st WOL with bilious emesis and acute bowel obstruction.

Older infants presents with episodes of recurrent abdominal pain that can mimic colic and suggest intermittent volvulus.

In older children, can manifest with recurrent episodes of vomiting and/or abdominal pain.

Patients usually present with malabsorption or protein-losing eneteropathy assoc with bacterial overgrowth

A

Malrotation

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6
Q

Long standing condition of this disease predisposes to metaplastic transformation of the normal esophageal squamous epithelium into intestinal columnar epithelium , termed Barrett esophagus, a precursor of esophageal adenoCA

A

Esophagitis

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7
Q

Upper airway presentations have been linked with GERD in case reports and epidemiologic studies

A

Apnea and Stridor

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8
Q

Laxative abuse is an example of what type of diarrhea?

A

OSMOTIC

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9
Q

Constipation in the neonatal period is most likely sec to?

A

Hirschsprung disease

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction, hypothyroidism

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10
Q

Method of choice to establish the diagnosis of peptic ulcer deisease

A

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy/ EGD

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11
Q

Ulcers in children can be classified as?

A

Primary peptic ulcers, which are chronic and more often duodenal

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12
Q

MC ingested foreign body in children

A

Coins

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13
Q

Hallmark of duodenal obstruction

A

bilious vomiting without abdominal distention

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14
Q

A day old male who had abdominal distention and bilious vomiting should be initially treated with?

A

NGT or OGT

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15
Q

Defined as voluntary or involuntary passage of feces into inappropriate places at least once a month for 3 consecutive months once a chronologic or developmental age of 4 yr has been reached

A

Encopresis

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16
Q

Drug that can be used to do rapid rectal disimpaction

A

Glycerin suppository

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17
Q

During gestation, hallmark of lack of normal swallowing or of esophageal or upper GI tract obstruction

A

POLYHYDRAMNIOS

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18
Q

MC esophageal disorder in children and of all ages

A

GERD

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19
Q

Most serious complication of oropharyngeal dysphagia

A

life-threatening aspiration

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20
Q

Foundation of GERD therapy which can be effectively implemented through education and reassurance for parents

A

Conservative therapy and lifestyle modification

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21
Q

Provide the most potent anti-reflux by blocking the hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphate channels of the final common pathway in gastric acid secretion

A

PPI

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22
Q

MC congenital anomaly of the GI tract

A

Meckel diverticulum

23
Q

MC cause of acute pseudo-obstruction

A

Ogilvie syndrome

24
Q

Plain radiography in the evaluation of the respiratory distress might reveal a coiled feeding tube in the esophageal pouch and/or an air-distended stomach, indication presence of?

A

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

25
Q

Congenital anomaly of the esophagus might come to medical attention later in life with chronic respiratory problems, including refractory bronchospasm and recurrent pneumonias

A

TEF in the absence of EA

26
Q

Gold standard for diagnosing Hirschprung disease

A

Rectal suction biopsy

27
Q

Signifies a failure of complete relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES)

A

Cricophrayngeal achalasia

28
Q

This manifest with regurgitation and dysphagia for solids and liquids and may be accompanied by undernutrition and chronic cough

A

Achalasia

29
Q

Currarino triad includes

A

Anorectal malformations
sacral bone anomalies
presacral anomaly

30
Q

Usually diagnosed in the neonatal period sec to a distended abdomen, failure to pass meconium and/or bilious emesis or aspirates with feeding intolerance

A

Hirschsprung disease

31
Q

Is required for the absorption of vitamin B12

A

Intrinsic Factor

32
Q

Bile acids and vitamin B12 are selectively absorbed in the?

A

Ileum

33
Q

Surgical closure of a cleft lip is usually performed by?

A

3 mos of age

34
Q

Closure of the palate in healthy child is performed by?

A

12 mos of age

35
Q

Most effective preventive measures against dental caries is?

A

Water fluoridation

36
Q

The 1st permanent molar erupt at about what age?

A

6 yrs old

37
Q

Antibiotic that is associated with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis when used in neonates?

A

Erythromycin

38
Q

Initial symptom of pyloric stenosis?

A

Nonbilious vomiting

39
Q

MC cause of GI bleeding

A

Erosive damage to the mucosa of the GI tract

40
Q

Most valuable procedure in the evaluation of neonatal hepatobiliary disease and provides the most relieable discriminatory evidence

A

Percutaneous liver biopsy

41
Q

Clinically apparent jaundice in children and adults occurs when the serum concentration of bilirubin reaches

A

2-3mg/dL

42
Q

Portal hypertension is defined as portal pressure greater than

A

10mmHg

43
Q

In infants (younger than 1 yr old) with inguinal hernia, repair should proceed within

A

2-3 wks

44
Q

Smallest known animal virus, is considered defective because it cannot produce infection without concurrent HBV infection

A

HDV

45
Q

Compatible to a hepatitis which is transmitted through fecal-oral route

A

HEV RNA

46
Q

Most prevalent hepatotropic virus

A

HAV infection

47
Q

Period of communicability of HAV infection?

A

2 wk before and approximately 7 days after the onset of jaundice

48
Q

Most important risk factor for acquisition of HBV

A

Perinatal transmission

49
Q

Preterm infants weighing <2kg at birth should have their initial dose of Hepa B vaccine at what age?

A

1 month

50
Q

Is an alternative or concomitant response to injury caused by extrahepatic or intrahepatic obstruction to the bile flow

A

Cholestatis

51
Q

In normal liver edge can be felt up to how many cm below thr right costal margin

A

2 cms

52
Q

MC acute surgical condition in children and a major cause of childhood morbidity

A

AP

53
Q

Single most reliable finding in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis

A

Localized abdominal tenderness

54
Q

AR disorder that can be assoc with degenerative changes in the brain, liver disease and Kayser-Fleisher rings in the cornea

A

Wilson Disease

Gastro (1 decks)

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