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FOP > Gastro > Flashcards

Gastro Flashcards

1
Q

extraintestinal signs

mouth ulcers =
perianal fistulas =

A

mouth ulcers = coeliac
perianal fistulas = Crohn’s

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2
Q

IgA deficiency but ?Coeliac

A

send IgG samples

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3
Q

haematemesis in CF

A

due to cirrhosis and varices

give octreotide to reduce portal HTN and transfer for banding

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4
Q

jaundice in congenital CMV

A

conjugated

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5
Q

treatment of pouchitis following colectomy

A

PO cipro or metro

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6
Q

hernia’s vs hydroceles

A

hernias are usually indirect and may transilluminate in babies
hydroceles always transilluminate and may require ligation of the patent processes vaginalis to prevent recurrence

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7
Q

treatment for baby if mum is Hep B +ve with antibodies

A

6 doses Hep B vaccine (not immunoglobulin)

additional are <24h birth, 4 weeks and 1 yr

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8
Q

Which babies need Hep B immunoglobulin?

A

1) Mother is antigen positive but antibody e negative
2) had acute Hep B in pregnancy
3) infant weighing <1500g

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9
Q

initial management of neuroblastoma

A

watchful waiting - may resolve on its own

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10
Q

initial management of intussusception

A

IVI bolus
IV abx
NG

then insufflation

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11
Q

Peutz Jeghers inheritance and symptoms

A

AD

pale patches of skin and mucosa
GI polyps causing PR bleeding

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12
Q

3 tests for carbohydrate malabsorption

A

double peaked H breath test (bowel bacterial overgrowth)
stool pH <5.5
reducing substances >0.25% in stool

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13
Q

part of bowel most likely to be affected in UC

A

pancolitis

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14
Q

when should umbilical hernia be repaired?

A

age 4

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15
Q

5 reasons for a stool MC+S

A

bloody diarrhoea
foreign travel
sepsis
diarrhoea >7/7
immunocompromised

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16
Q

which test is most accurate for H pylori

A

endoscopy with biopsy

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17
Q

conditions for using the breath test for h pylori

A

no PPI within 2 weeks
no abx within 4 weeks

18
Q

bilirubin level/rate for kernicterus

A

340
rise of 8.5/hour

19
Q

how does neuroblastoma cause HTN

A

renal artery compression

20
Q

management of hydrocele

A

delay surgery for 12 months

21
Q

management of inguinal hernia

A

surgical repair (won’t heal by itself)

22
Q

slightly high GGT vs very high GGT

A

slightly = liver
very = biliary atresia

23
Q

management of a recurrent episode of malrotation with volvulus due to adhesions

A

most respond to conservative, if not then surgery

24
Q

Down’s syndrome + distended abdomen

A

Hirshprung’s

25
Q

location of biliary atresia

A

intra and extrahepatic

26
Q

N+V in IBD

A

UC

27
Q

how many times a day should a baby <7 days poo

A

4

28
Q

how many times a day should a one year old poo

A

two

29
Q

diagnostic criteria for impaction

A

palpable mass
overflow soiling
severe symptoms

30
Q

disimpaction regime

A

movicol plain
add senna if needed

31
Q

maintenence after disimpaction

A

movicol plain at half disimpaction dose
add senna if necessary

32
Q

appendicitis mimic

A

Yersinia

33
Q

dehydration in gastroenteritis

A

hyponatraemia (drinking lots)

34
Q

gastroenteritis, not dehydrated

A

encourage PO fluids

35
Q

gastroenteritis, dehydrated, not shocked

A

<5yo: 50ml/kg ORS plus ORS maintenance (breastfeeding can continue)

> 5yo: 200ml (400 for teens) ORS after each loose stool plus normal fluids

36
Q

gastroenteritis, shocked

A

bolus at 10mg/kg + replacement + maintencene

37
Q

H pylori treatment

A

amoxicillin and clarithromycin and omeprazole for one week#

(omeprazole for 4 weeks if large ulcer, haematemesis or perf)

(metro if treatment failure or recent macrolide use)

38
Q

Ix for volvulus

A

contrast XR

39
Q

UGI endoscopy criteria

A

?Sandifer syndrome (?hiatus hernia)
Overt regurg with faltering growth or feed aversion
Dysphagia
No improvement in GORD >1yr
melaena or haematemesis
Unexplained IDA

40
Q

only absolute CI to breastfeeding

A

maternal HIV

41
Q

presentation of volvulus

A

usually <1yo
bilious vomiting
absolute constipation
bird beak sign

42
Q

where do PPIs act

A

Parietal cells

FOP (13 decks)

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