Gastroenteritis

Question 1

What is the main cause of staphylococcus aureus gastroenteritis?

Answer 1

Meat

Question 2

What is the intubation period for staphylococcus aureus gastroenteritis?

Answer 2

Start within 6 hours, resole in 24 hours

Question 3

How does staphylococcus gastroenteritis present?

Answer 3

severe vomiting (MAIN)
Diarrhoea and abdominal pain 
Hypotension

Question 4

What is the main cause of Bacillus Cereus gastroenteritis?

Answer 4

Reheated Rice

Question 5

What is the intubation period for Bacillus Cereus gastroenteritis?

Answer 5

Start within 6 hours, resole in 24 hours

Question 6

How does Bacillus Cereus gastroenteritis present?

Answer 6

Vomiting (rice) or Diarrhoea

Question 7

What causes gastroenteritis by salmonella?

Answer 7

Raw eggs or poultry

Question 8

What is the intubation period of salmonella gastroenteritis?

Answer 8

Start with 12 hours, resolve in a week

Question 9

What is the main presentation of salmonella gastroenteritis?

Answer 9

Watery diarrhoea and Fever (MAIN)
Vomiting
Abdominal pain

Question 10

What is the management of salmonella gastroenteritis if it’s severe?

Answer 10

Antibiotics

Question 11

What causes shigella gastroenteritis?

Answer 11

Faeces contamination food, water or swimming pool

Question 12

What is the intubation period for shigella gastroenteritis?

Answer 12

start 2-3 days after and resolve in a week

Question 13

What is the presentation of shigella gastroenteritis?

Answer 13

Bloody diarrhoea
Abdominal pain
Fever

Question 14

What is the management of shigella gastroenteritis if severe?

Answer 14

Azathioprine

Ciprofloxacin

Question 15

Who does E.coli gastroenteritis commonly affect?

Answer 15

Travellers

Question 16

What is the intubation period for E.coli gastroenteritis?

Answer 16

starts within 12 hours- 2 days

Question 17

What is the presentation of E.coli gastroenteritis?

Answer 17

Abdominal cramps
Watery diarrhoea
Nausea/vomiting

Question 18

What is a complication of E.coli gastroenteritis?

Answer 18

E.Coli produces the shiga toxin which destroys blood cells causing HUS

Question 19

What would you not use in the management of E,coli gastroenteritis and why?

Answer 19

Don’t use antibiotics as they can increase risk of HUS

Question 20

What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis?

Answer 20

Campylobacter Jejuni

Question 21

What are the main causes of Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis?

Answer 21

Poultry
Untreated water
Unpasteurised milk

Question 22

What is the intubation period for Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis?

Answer 22

Start within 2-4 days and resolve in a week

Question 23

How does Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis present?

Answer 23

Flu like prodrome
Abdominal cramps
Bloody diarrhoea

Question 24

What is the management of Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis?

Answer 24

Azathioprine

Ciprofloxacin

Question 25

What is the main complication of Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis?

Answer 25

weakness in legs after severe gastroenteritis- Guillain Barre syndrome

Question 26

How does Campylobacter Jejuni gastroenteritis appear on microscopy?

Answer 26

Characteristic seagull shaped

Question 27

What is Giasdiasis (Giardia Lamblia) gastroenteritis the main cause of?

Answer 27

Persistent travellers diarrhoea

Question 28

What is the intubation period of Giasdiasis (Giardia Lamblia) gastroenteritis?

Answer 28

Start in over a week, last 1-4 weeks

Question 29

How does Giasdiasis (Giardia Lamblia) gastroenteritis present?

Answer 29

foul smelling diarrhoea- persistent travellers diarrhoea

Question 30

What is the management of Giasdiasis (Giardia Lamblia) gastroenteritis?

Answer 30

Metronidazole

Question 31

What helps to prevent gastroenteritis?

Answer 31

Good hygiene helps prevent gastroenteritis.

Question 32

What should you do with a patient who has developed symptoms?

Answer 32

They should immediately be isolated to prevent spread.

Question 33

What is important to prevent spread in a hospital?

Answer 33

Barrier nursing and rigorous infection control

Question 34

What is the management of a child with gastroenteritis?

Answer 34

Children need to stay off school until 48 hours after the symptoms have completely resolved.

Question 35

How is gastroenteritis diagnosed?

Answer 35

A sample of the faeces can be tested with microscopy, culture and sensitivities to establish the causative organism and antibiotic sensitivities.

Question 36

Which children might require IV fluids?

Answer 36

Dehydrated children or those that fail the fluid challenge

Question 37

What are NOT recommended in the management of gastroenteritis?

Answer 37

Anti-diarrheal medication- loperamide | Antiemetic medication such as metoclopramide

Question 38

What are possible complications of gastroenteritis?

Answer 38

* Lactose intolerance * Irritable bowel syndrome * Reactive arthritis * Guillain–Barré syndrome