Gastroenterology

Question 1

What vitamin is thiamine?

Answer 1

B1

Question 2

Give the classic triad of wernicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 2

nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia and ataxia

Question 3

What are the features of korsakoff syndrome

Answer 3

amnesia

Confabulation

Question 4

What 4 conditions are associated with thiamine deficiency?

Answer 4

Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Korsakoff’s syndrome
dry beriberi: peripheral neuropathy
wet beriberi: dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 5

Triad of Budd chiari syndrome

Answer 5

Abdominal pain
Ascites
tender hepatomegaly

Question 6

Cyclophosphamide complications

Answer 6

TCC

Haemorrhagic cystitis

Question 7

Treatment for hepatorenal syndrome

Answer 7

Terlipressin

Question 8

Goblet cells in IBD?

Answer 8

Crohn’s –> increased number

UC –> decreased

Question 9

Two skin features of IBD

Answer 9

Pyoderma gangrenosum

Erythema nodosum

Question 10

Antibodies in PBC

Answer 10

Anti-mitochondrial

Question 11

What biliary disease is ulcerative colitis associated with?

Answer 11

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 12

Which inflammatory bowel disease is more associated with perianal disease?

Answer 12

Crohn’s

Question 13

complications of coeliac disease

Answer 13

HYPOSPLENISM
Anaemia (iron, folate, B12)
OP
enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma of small intesting
Subfertility
other malignancies

Question 14

Coeliac histology

Answer 14

crypt hyperplasia
atrophy of villi/flat mucosa
leucocyte infiltrate

Question 15

Conditions associated with coeliac

Answer 15

T1DM, dermatitis herpetiformis, IBD, Autoimmune thyroid disease, autoimmune hepatitis

Question 16

What HLAs assoc with coeliac?

Answer 16

HLA DQ2 (95%)

HLA DQ8 (80%)

Question 17

Which IBD is associated more with crypt hyperplasia?

Answer 17

UC

Question 18

What cardiac complication is associated with haemochromatosis?

Answer 18

dilated vcardiomyopathy

Question 19

What cells secrete CCK?

Answer 19

I cells

Question 20

First line treatment in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis?

Answer 20

Ursodeoxycholic acid

Question 21

Treatment of alcoholic hepatitis

Answer 21

Pred

Question 22

treatment of hepatorenal syndrome

Answer 22

Terlipressin

Question 23

What is the arrhythmia risk of refeeding syndrome and why?

Answer 23

Torsades de poitnes

(As hypokalaemia + hypomagnasaemia both prolong QTc(

Question 24

What is the best imaging modality for assessing this type of tumour depth / mural invasion in oesophageal/gastric Ca?

Answer 24

Endoscopic US

Question 25

Most common organism SBP

Answer 25

E coli

Question 26

What valvular disease is associated with angiodysplasia?

Answer 26

Aortic stenosis

Question 27

What is angiodysplasia + what does it predispose to?

Answer 27

Vascular deformity predisposing to iron deficiency anaemia

Question 28

Life threatening c diff treatment

Answer 28

IV metronidazole + PO vancomycin

Question 29

EXAM Q: Treatment of campylobacter jejuni?

Answer 29

Macrolides including Azithromycin / erythromycin

Question 30

Presentation of campylobacter jejuni

Answer 30

diarrhea (often bloody), fever, and stomach cramp usually 2-5 days after infection

Question 31

Child Pugh score?

Answer 31

Mortality in cirrhosis patients A-C

Question 32

In patients with HCC and Child-Pugh score A or B with evidence of lymphatic or extrahepatic spread, what drug can prolong survival?

Answer 32

Sorafenib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor)

Question 33

How to monitor treatment in haemochromatosis?

Answer 33

Ferritin and transferrin saturation

Question 34

Treatment of acute severe UC if refractory to IV hydrocortisone?

Answer 34

medical: Ciclosporin or infliximab OR surgery (subtotal colectomy)

Question 35

Alcoholic liver disease - AST:ALT ratio?

Answer 35

>2