Gastrointestinal

Question 1

cleft palate is usually performed when?*

Answer 1

6 to 24 months

Question 2

how should an infant be held that has cleft palate?

Answer 2

upright & direct formula to side and back of mouth

Question 3

Esophageal atresia & tracheoesophageal fistula*

Answer 3

esophagus terminates before it reaches the stomach ending in bling pouch or fistula is present that forms an unnatural connection with trachea.

Question 4

Esophageal atresia & tracheoesophageal fistula interventions*

Answer 4

NPO
supine 30 degree/upright
fluids/antibiotic
HUMITFIED O2**

Question 5

Esophageal atresia & tracheoesophageal fistula
assessment*

Answer 5

frothy saliva
3 Cs

Question 6

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Answer 6

backflow of gastric content into the esophagus.

Question 7

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Assessment

Answer 7

emesis
poor weight
hematemesis
heartburn
anima

Question 8

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Intervention

Answer 8

supine position >1 HOB ^
small frequent feedings
thicken milk,cut nipple

Question 9

Antacid

Answer 9

prilose

Question 10

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Answer 10

narrowing between the stomach & duodenum

Question 11

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
symptoms

Answer 11

projectile vomiting
dehydration
metabolic alkalosis-vomit
failure to thrive

Question 12

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis assessment

Answer 12

emesis non bilious
waves move left to right across epigastrium
olive shaped mass right of umbilicus

Question 13

inguinal hernia

Answer 13

painless inguinal swelling that is reducible

Question 14

incarcerated strangulated hernia

Answer 14

portion of bowel becomes caught in hernia sac. compromising blood supply
gangrene

Question 15

meckels’s diverticulum

Answer 15

bulge in smaller part of intestine. present at birth & leftover of the umbl cord

Question 16

meckels diverticulum assessment

Answer 16

may be asymptomatic
bloody mucus stool
anemic

Question 17

Intussusception*

Answer 17

intestine folds into itself

Question 18

intussusception assessment*

Answer 18

Fetal position/scream
BILE STAINED EMESIS
JELLY STOOL BLOOD/MUCUS
sausage mass in URQ

Question 19

intussusception interventions*

Answer 19

monitor normal bowel sounds, passage of BARIUM*
normal stool

Question 20

omphalocele

Answer 20

abd content come through umbilical w/ perineal sac

Question 21

gastroschisis*

Answer 21

protrusion of intraabdominal content come through umbilical with NO SAC

Question 22

gastroschisis interventions*

Answer 22

cover w/ sterile saline soaked pads wrap abd loosely.

Question 23

volvulus

Answer 23

intestine twisting. compromise blood supply

Question 24

Hirschprung’s Disease *

Answer 24

congenital anomaly lacking ganglionitis cells in GI tract.

Question 25

Hirschsprung Disease assessment*

Answer 25

CHRONIC constipation PELLET/RIBBON SMELLING absence of meconium.

Question 26

Hirschsprung Disease Intervention*

Answer 26

measure w/ paper tape at the level of umbilicus or @ widest part of abd

Question 27

Scurvy*

Answer 27

rare in developed countries

Question 28

Kwashiorkor (most extreme form of PEM)

Answer 28

protein def. thin wasted extremities, prominent abd from ascites (edema)

Question 29

marasmus

Answer 29

calorie/protein def. skin very lose/wrinkled

Question 30

lacto ovo

Answer 30

exclude meat consume dairy products/fish.

Question 31

lacto

Answer 31

exclude meat eggs, drink milk

Question 32

hypersentivity food allergy

Answer 32

immune globulin E (IgE) most grow out of allergies, but peanuts are persist

Question 33

Lactose Intolerance

Answer 33

Sub soy based for cows milk encourage hard cheese, cottage, yogurt. CALCIUM/VIT D DEFICIENCY

Question 34

Celiac disease*

Answer 34

intolerance to gluten avoid BROW Barley Rye Oat Wheat

Question 35

celiac results in*

Answer 35

amino acid glutamine, toxic malabsorption

Question 36

onset of celiac*

Answer 36

1-5 yrs & interval of 3-6mos *risk developing malignant lyphoma*

Question 37

Gluten free food*

Answer 37

beef, pork, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, veggies, fruit rice, corn

Question 38

prohibited for gluten free diet

Answer 38

ice cream, malted milk, pudding grains, anything including wheat and flour

Question 39

celiac disease assessment*

Answer 39

insidious diarrhea, steatorrhea, anorexia, abd pain, distention, muscle weakness, vomiting, anemia, irritability

Question 40

celiac disease causes*

Answer 40

watery diarrhea vomiting

Question 41

Giardiasis

Answer 41

caused by protozoa and is prevalent among children & crowed places (classroom daycare)

Question 42

giardiasis

Answer 42

4-6 week diarrhea don't give antidiarrhea meds. everyone gets treated.

Question 43

Appendicitis

Answer 43

pain in mcburneys point increased WBC low grade fever position ride side lying.

Question 44

vomiting =

Answer 44

metabolic alkalosis

Question 45

s/s for dehydration

Answer 45

sucken fontanel skin turgor dry mucus decreased tear production. oliguria

Question 46

dehydration

Answer 46

metabolic acidosis

Question 47

Encopresis

Answer 47

constipation with fecal incontinence. hold it till they get home. soiling of clothes scratching anal fecal odor

Question 48

chelation therapy

Answer 48

lead poising

Question 49

Antidote for acetaminophen*

Answer 49

N-ACETYCYSTERINE toxic dose 150mg or higher dont use w/ charcoal

Question 50

acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

Answer 50

acute 300-500mg chronic 100mg for days or more

Question 51

corrosives*

Answer 51

Liquid corrosives can cause more damage to the victim than other types of corrosives.

Question 52

cleft palate is usually performed when? *

Answer 52

6 to 24 months